现行国标下的客车座椅在50 km/h碰撞速度下性能分析研究  

Analysis and Research on Bus Seat Performance under the Current National Standard at 50 km/h Collision Speed

作　　者：张永春 徐海澜 王若璜 张国庆 潘华 ZHANG Yong-chun;XU Hai-lan;WANG Ruo-huang;ZHANG Guo-qing;PAN Hua(China Merchants Testing Certification Vehicle Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Chongqing 401329,China)

机构地区：[1]招商局检测车辆技术研究院有限公司,重庆401329

出　　处：《机械研究与应用》2023年第3期121-124,共4页Mechanical Research & Application

摘　　要：通过试验对主流客车企业满足现行GB 13057-2014《客车座椅及其车辆固定件的强度》的客车座椅进行了50 km/h碰撞试验。试验结果显示,在结构强度方面,有50%的座椅能承受50 km/h的假人撞击,另外50%的不合格的表现形式为靠背限制机构失效、座椅横移装置失效或座椅与车辆的连接失效。乘员伤害方面,除头部损伤值难以满足要求外,其他部位均可满足相关限值。因此除在调节装置、车辆连接强度等方面需要加强外,还需在座椅靠背头部撞击区域进行缓冲设计,避免硬物出现在头部撞击区域内,从而改善座椅的安全性能。In this paper,collision tests on the bus seats that meet the current national standard GB 13057-2014"strength of bus seats and vehicle fixings"in mainstream bus enterprises are carried out at the collision speed of 50km/h through the testing method.The test results show that in terms of structural strength,50%of the seats are still possible to withstand the impact of dummy;the main failure modes are failure of the backrest limiting mechanism,failure of the seat traverse device or failure of the connection between the seat and the vehicle.In terms of occupant injury,except the head injury value is difficult to meet the relevant requirements,the injury values of other parts do not exceed the relevant limits.Therefore,strength of the adjusting device and the connection strength with the vehicle of the bus seat at this stage need to be strengthened;in addition,the cushioning design of the head impact area of the seat back needs to be designed so as to avoid hard objects appear in the head impact area.

关 键 词：客车座椅 车辆固定件 结构强度 乘员保护 

分 类 号：U463[机械工程—车辆工程]