塞内卡病毒A反向遗传技术及其应用  

Reverse Genetics Technology and Its Application in Senecavirus A

作　　者：王奇 李紫薇 沙洲 尼博[2] 刘拂晓[1] WANG Qi;LI Zi-wei;SHA Zhou;NI Bo;LIU Fu-xiao(College of Veterinary Medicine,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物医学院,山东青岛266109 [2]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2023年第6期102-106,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1800300);青岛农业大学研究生创新计划项目(QNYCX23009)。

摘　　要：塞内卡病毒A(SVA)是引起猪口鼻部、蹄冠部水疱样病变,甚至引起新生仔猪急性死亡的新发病毒。SVA是无囊膜的单股、正链RNA病毒,由于其基因组不断发生重组和进化,因此给养猪业造成较大的经济损失。反向遗传作为一种从基因入手开展体外遗传学研究的技术,能够在病毒cDNA分子水平上进行基因定向改造,进而借助宿主细胞实现病毒复制、翻译、包装和拯救的目的,最终研究重组病毒的生物学特性。本文就SVA反向遗传技术的研究及其应用进行综合评述,以期为进一步探究SVA复制、表达、调控等分子机制提供思路。Senecavirus A(SVA)is an emerging virus that causes vesicular lesions in the oral mucosa,snout,coronary bands,and hooves of pigs,and can even result in acute mortality in newborn piglets.SVA is a non-enveloped,positive-sense,single-stranded RNA virus.Due to continuous genomic recombination and evolution,SVA inflicts significant economic losses on the swine industry.As a technique for genetic research in vitro,reverse genetics allows for targeted modification of viral cDNA at the molecular level.This technique enables the replication,translation,packaging,and rescue of the virus within host cells,ultimately facilitating the study of the biological characteristics of recombinant viruses.This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the research and applications of reverse genetics techniques for SVA,aiming to provide insights into further investigations into the molecular mechanisms of SVA replication,expression,and regulation.

关 键 词：塞内卡病毒A 反向遗传 CDNA克隆 病毒拯救 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]