梁启超《陶渊明之文艺及其品格》在民国学界的反响  

The Responses to Liang Qichao’s Tao Yuanming’s Literature and His Character in the Academia During the Republic of China

作　　者：刘中文[1] LIU Zhongwen(Academic Journal Center,Suzhou Vocational University,Suzhou 215104,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市职业大学学术期刊中心,江苏苏州215104

出　　处：《苏州教育学院学报》2023年第3期15-24,共10页Journal of Suzhou College of Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA252)。

摘　　要：梁启超之《陶渊明之文艺及其品格》的第一个反响是其学术观点引起了广泛的学术讨论。胡怀琛以其“与自然同化”论对梁启超的“陶渊明三元人格”论作了补充,进而提出“陶渊明可算是中国的泰戈尔”的观点,同时对梁启超的三个观点逐一反驳。梁启超认为陶渊明辞官高隐的动机无关乎“姓司马的,姓刘的”,这一观点引起了热议。萧望卿肯定陶渊明对朝代更迭是在意的,但也批评了唐宋学人将“耻事二姓”的观点片面化、绝对化的做法。陈寅恪虽然质疑梁启超“陶渊明辞官动机”的观点,但他并没有正面反驳梁启超,而是偷换概念,转移话题,其质疑看似有理,实则没有触及具体问题。朱光潜则从社会和陶公自身处境两个层面剖析陶公的心理—进退皆难的忧愤与苦闷,挖掘出陶渊明辞官高隐的深层原因。《陶渊明之文艺及其品格》的第二个反响是惨遭抄袭。汝舟的《陶渊明评传》肆无忌惮地抄袭《陶渊明之文艺及其品格》原文。The first response to Liang Qichao’s Tao Yuanming’s Literature and His Character was that Liang’s academic viewpoint caused extensive academic discussion.Hu Huaichen supplemented Liang Qichao’s theory of“Tao Yuanming’s Triple Personality”with his theory of“assimilation into nature”,and further put forward the idea that“Tao Yuanming can be regarded as Tagore of China”,while refuting Liang Qichao’s three viewpoints one by one.Liang Qichao believed that Tao Yuanming’s motive for resigning from office and taking a seclusive life had nothing to do with“the family members of Sima and Liu”,which caused heated debate.Xiao Wangqing affirmed that Tao Yuanming was concerned about the dynasty changes,but also criticized the scholars’one-sided and absolute approach to“serving the Sima and Liu courts”during the Tang and Song dynasties.Although Chen Yinke questioned Liang Qichao’s idea of“Tao Yuanming’s motivation to resign”,he did not refute Liang Qichao directly.Instead,he changed his concept and shifted the topic.Chen’s questioning seemed reasonable,but in fact did not deal with specific issues.Zhu Guangqian analyzed the psychology of Tao Yuanming from the two aspects of society and Tao’s own situation,namely,the anxiety and depression due to the dilemma of political choice,and dug out the underlying reasons for Tao Yuanming’s resignation and seclusion.The second response to Tao Yuanming’s Literature and His Character is that the essay suffered serious plagiarism.Ru Zhou’s Biography and Review of Tao Yuanming brazenly copied the texts of Tao Yuanming’s Literature and His Character.

关 键 词：民国 陶学 梁启超 《陶渊明之文艺及其品格》 讨论 抄袭 真相 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]