避雨栽培模式对葡萄叶绿素荧光及光合产物的影响  

Effects of Shelter-rain Cultivation Mode on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthetic Product Content of Grapevine

作　　者：郭俊强 张晓月 王西平[2] GUO Junqiang;ZHANG Xiaoyue;WANG Xiping(Yangling Vocational and Technical College,Yangling 712100,China;College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University/Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学园艺学院/农业部西北园艺作物生物学与种质创新重点开放实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2023年第4期49-55,共7页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟重大科技项目(LMZD201902);西安市科技计划项目(20NYYF-0009)陕西省重点研发计划一般项目(2023-YBNY-079)。

摘　　要：探究避雨栽培模式对葡萄叶绿素荧光参数和光合产物含量的影响,旨在为选择合理的栽培模式提供参考。本研究在陕西杨凌地区以‘红地球’‘火焰无核’‘户太八号’和‘夏黑’4个品种为材料,通过对其叶片叶绿素荧光指标和蔗糖及淀粉含量进行测定,结果表明,避雨栽培可显著提升葡萄的PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)和实际光化学量子产量[Y(II)],即葡萄叶片的光合效率有显著提升;而对表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)、非光化学猝灭(NPQ)和光化学猝灭(qP)无显著性影响。此外,避雨栽培下葡萄叶片中蔗糖和淀粉含量的积累量较露地栽培有所增加,且在其生长后期较为显著。综上,避雨栽培模式能够明显提高葡萄叶片PSⅡ的活性,促进光合产物的积累,进而促进葡萄植株的生长发育。The effects of shelter-rain cultivation mode on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic products content were studied in order to provide reference for selecting a reasonable cultivation mode.In this study,four varieties,'Red Globe''Flame Seedless''Hutai No.8'and'Summer Black',were used as materials in Yangling area of Shaanxi,the leaf chlorophyll fluorescence index,and the content of sucrose and starch were determined.The results showed that the maximum photochemical quantum yield(Fv/Fm)and actual photochemical quantum yield[Y(II)]of PSⅡof grapevine could be significantly increased by rain shelter cultivation,that is,the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves was significantly increased.However,there were no significant effect on apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate(ETR),non-photochemical quenching(NPQ)and photochemical quenching(qP).In addition,the accumulation of sucrose and starch in leaves under shelter cultivation was higher than that under open cultivation,and it was more significant at the later growth stage.In conclusion,shelter-rain cultivation mode can significantly improve the activity of PSⅡin leaves,promote the accumulation of photosynthates,and promote the growth and development of grapevine plants.

关 键 词：避雨栽培模式 葡萄 叶绿素荧光 蔗糖 淀粉 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S318[农业科学—园艺学]