2022年中国家长教育素养状况及提升策略  

State of Parental Education Literacy in China in 2022 and Proposals for Improvement

作　　者：霍雨佳[1] 李一 李育倩 柳铭心 蔡雪 HUO Yujia;LI Yi;LI Yuqian;LIU Mingxin;CAI Xue

机构地区：[1]中国儿童中心家庭教育部,北京100035

出　　处：《中华家教》2023年第3期10-22,共13页The Family Education Of China

基　　金：中国家庭教育学会“十四五”科研课题重点项目“家校社共育视角下新时代我国家长教育素养提升实践研究”阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：社会变迁带来的家庭教育问题更加多样化和复杂化,家长仅凭其经验很难胜任教育子女的职责,需要系统性地建构、考察和提升家长教育素养。本文通过抽样调查,从亲职素养、角色素养、家庭建设素养、协同育人素养四个维度,考察我国家长教育素养现状。研究发现,家长普遍具有较强的儿童权利和儿童全面发展的意识,但在实践中,家长依然看重孩子的学习情况,对科学有效的引导方式掌握不足,家长胜任力普遍不高,家庭自我化解矛盾和问题多依靠非制度化渠道;家庭氛围虽整体尚好,但家庭建设能力尤其是家风营造能力仍显欠缺;学校、社会的家庭教育支持方式较为传统,社区提供的家庭教育服务和儿童友好服务成为家长最期望得到的资源。基于此,本文倡导家长加强学习现代育儿理念,掌握并运用《家庭教育促进法》所示的科学教养方式;不断强化角色意识,提升家庭教育实践和家庭建设能力;进一步优化学校、家庭、社会育人的资源整合机制,发挥社区教育的独特优势,从而全面提升家长教育素养。Social changes have led to more diverse and complex issues in family education.When relying on their experience alone,parents often lack the skills needed to educate their children;thus there is a need to systematically construct,examine and enhance parental education literacy.This paper examines the current situation of parental education literacy in China through a sample survey covering four dimensions:parenting literacy,role literacy,family building literacy,and collaborative parenting.The study found that,in terms of parenting concepts,parents generally have a strong awareness of children’s rights and children’s comprehensive development,but in practice,parents still value their children’s academic performance and do not have a good grasp of effective,scientific guidance methods;parental competence is generally low,and families mostly rely on non-institutionalized channels to resolve conflicts and problems on their own;although the family atmosphere is generally good,parents’ability to build families,especially the ability to create a family culture,is still lacking.Family education support from schools and society is more traditional,while family education services and child-friendly services provided by the community are the most sought-after resources for parents.Based on these findings,this article advocates that parents should strengthen their learning of modern parenting concepts,master and apply the scientific parenting methods shown in the Family Education Promotion Law,constantly strengthen their role awareness,and enhance their family education practice and family building skills.The resource integration mechanism of school,family and social parenting should be improved and the unique advantages of community education should be tapped into.It is hoped that these measures can help to comprehensively improve parents'education literacy.

关 键 词：《家庭教育促进法》 家庭教育 家长教育素养 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]