半干旱区不同灌溉水源对芹菜生长特性和产量的影响  

Effects of different irrigation sources on growth characteristics and yields of celery in semi-arid region

作　　者：李拥军 赵晓乐 LI Yongjun;ZHAO Xiaole(Dingxi Hydraulic Science Research Institute of Gansu Province,Dingxi 743000,Gansu,China;College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省定西市水利科学研究所,甘肃定西743000 [2]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱气象》2023年第3期359-367,共9页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：2020年市级科技计划项目(DX2020N07)资助。

摘　　要：为寻求定西市引洮灌区芹菜适宜灌溉水源,本文采用完全随机试验设计,共设置3种灌溉水源,分别为地下水灌溉(对照)、引洮水灌溉和地-引交替灌溉,探究半干旱区不同灌溉水源对土壤水分状况和芹菜生长特性、耗水量、产量、水分利用效率及经济效益等影响。结果表明:与地下水灌溉相比,引洮水灌溉和地-引交替灌溉的芹菜株高分别降低6.07、3.33 cm,茎粗分别降低1.22、0.78 mm,土壤贮水量分别降低1.27%和1.98%,芹菜产量分别降低15.08%和1.57%,水分利用效率分别降低15.53%和2.46%,灌溉水利用效率分别降低15.46%和2.01%,总耗水量分别增加0.09%和0.47%,芹菜净收益分别增加3.1%和18.0%。地下水灌溉增产效果最明显,但水费高,经济效益较低;地-引交替灌溉虽然产量和水分利用效率略低于地下水灌溉,但水费大大降低,经济效益反而最高;引洮水灌溉下的各项指标均显著偏低(P<0.05),尽管水费低,但经济效益较地下水灌溉增幅不大。综合来看,地-引交替灌溉可作为定西市引洮灌区农民增产增收的一种可行有效的灌溉水源。In order to seek a suitable irrigation water source in the Tao river irrigation area of Dingxi of Gansu Province,this study adopts a completely randomized treatment design and sets three irrigation water sources including local shallow underground water and the Tao river irrigation and their alternative irrigation,among the underground water irrigation as a control treatment,and the effects of different irrigation water sources on celery growth characteristics,water consumption,yield,water use efficiency and economic benefits are explored in semi-arid region.The results show that compared with underground water irrigation,the plant height of celery under the Tao river irrigation and alternative irrigation both underground water and the Tao river decreases by 6.07 cm and 3.33 cm,the stem thicknesses decrease by 1.22 mm and 0.78 mm,the soil water storage decrease by 1.27%and 1.98%,the yields of celery decrease by 15.08%and 1.57%,the water use efficiency decrease by 15.53%and 2.46%,and the irrigation water use efficiency decrease by 15.46%and 2.01%,respectively,while the total water consumption increase by 0.09%and 0.47%,and the net income of celery increase by 3.1%and 18.0%,respectively.The increase of celery yields is the most obvious under the underground water irrigation,but its water cost is the most expensive,so its economic benefit is lower.Although the celery yields and water use efficiency under the alternative irrigation are slightly lower than that under the underground water irrigation,the water cost reduced greatly,so the economic benefit is the highest.The water cost under the Tao river irrigation is low,but its economic benefit increase slightly due to all indexes of celery decreasing significantly(P<0.05).In summary,the alternative irrigation both underground water and the Tao river can be used as a feasible and effective irrigation mode to increase production and income of farmers in the Tao river irrigation area of Dingxi.

关 键 词：地下水灌溉 引洮水灌溉 地-引交替灌溉 芹菜 水分利用效率 经济效益 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]