粗糙脉胞菌降解水稻秸秆初期转录组分析  

Transcriptome analysis on the initial stage of rice straw degradation by Neurospora crassa

作　　者：游灵杰 李银水[1] 龚阳敏[1] 顾炽明 胡小加[1] 李越 廖星[1] 秦璐[1] YOU Ling-jie;LI Yin-shui;GONG Yang-min;GU Chi-ming;HU Xiao-jia;LI Yue;LIAO Xing;QIN Lu(Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Oil Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2023年第3期549-557,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31801311);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200904)。

摘　　要：水稻油菜轮作制度是华中地区最具代表性的耕作制度,但水稻收获后的秸秆清理和还田效果会影响后续油菜的播种和收获。利用微生物降解秸秆是解决这一问题的有效途径之一。前期研究发现,粗糙脉孢菌接种至水稻秸秆,培养48 h时秸秆有明显降解现象,因此,本研究通过转录组测序技术研究分析比较接种在PDA培养基上和接种在水稻秸秆上培养48 h时粗糙脉孢菌的差异表达基因,以探讨其降解机理。结果表明,两者间共存在3329个显著差异表达基因,GO(gene ontology)功能注释分析发现,这些基因主要富集在生物过程类,表达差异较大的基因主要参于核苷酸代谢、蛋白质代谢及与内膜系统;KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)通路富集分析发现,这些差异表达基因的功能主要涉及半乳糖代谢、果糖和甘露糖代谢、氧化磷酸化、次生代谢产物的生物合成和核糖体,在这些代谢途径中筛选到的与降解秸秆相关的酶系多数为上调表达。在这些代谢途径中,推测粗糙脉孢菌主要通过半乳糖代谢、果糖和甘露糖代谢来降解水稻秸秆。以上研究可为更高效地利用粗糙脉孢菌降解秸秆提供新的理论依据和一定的技术支持。Rice-rape rotation system is the most representative cultivation system in central China,but clear-ing and returning of straw after rice harvest affect the subsequent sowing and harvesting of rapeseed.Microbial deg-radation of straw represents an effective ways to solve this problem.Our previous study found that rice straw could be degraded by inoculated with Neurospora crassis,and the obvious degradation was observed after 48 h culture.Therefore,in this study,N.crassa NC-3 was used as the research material,and the samples under different culture conditions and different culture time period(24 h and 48 h)were selected to carry out the transcriptome study.The results showed that there were 3329 differentially expressed genes in N.crassa grown on straw for 48 h compared with that grown on PDA medium.Through GO(gene ontology)enrichment analysis of these genes,it is found that they are mainly enriched in the classification of biological processes,and the genes with great differences mainly ex-ist in nucleotide metabolism,protein metabolism and intimal system.KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Ge-nomes)pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the functions of these differentially expressed genes mainly in-volve galactose metabolism,fructose and mannose metabolism,oxidative phosphorylation,biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,and ribosomes.The enzymes related to straw degradation were found in these metabolic pathways,and the most of these enzymes was up-regulated.In these metabolic pathways,it is speculated that N.crassa degraded rice straw mainly through galactose metabolism,fructose and mannose metabolism.The above study provides a new theoretical basis for the more efficient use of N.crassa for straw degradation,and can be applied to straw return un-der the tillage system-rice and rape rotation.

关 键 词：粗糙脉孢菌 转录组学 秸秆降解 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]