灌溉工程遗产的内涵、特征与认定标准探讨  

Discussion on the Connotation,Characteristics and Identification Standards of Heritage Irrigation Structure

作　　者：李云鹏[1,2,3] LI Yunpeng(Water History Department/Key Laboratory of Water Heritage Protection,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Key Scientific Research Base of Water Heritage Protection and Research,State Administration of Cultural Heritage,Beijing 100038,China;Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水利史研究所/水利遗产保护重点实验室,北京100038 [2]水利遗产保护与研究国家文物局重点科研基地,北京100038 [3]水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心(水旱灾害防御中心),北京100038

出　　处：《自然与文化遗产研究》2023年第3期3-12,共10页Study on Natural and Cultural Heritage

基　　金：国家文物局重点科研基地项目(2020ZCK207);中国水科院科研专项(JZ0199B212019,WH0145B042021,WE0145B042021)。

摘　　要：特有的自然环境和社会发展使灌溉工程在中国得以长期持续发展,创造了类型丰富、型式多样的传统灌溉工程,并对中国社会经济和文化发展产生了深远影响。灌溉工程遗产是水利遗产中数量最多、最复杂的一类。明晰概念、科学认定灌溉工程遗产,是有序有效推进遗产保护工作的基础。文章基于传统灌溉的内涵、传统灌溉工程分类,研究提出灌溉工程遗产的概念定义、不同于其他文化遗产的基本特征,在此基础上提出操作层面应从历史年代、水利功能、历史遗存、真实性与完整性5个方面认定某项灌溉工程遗产的具体标准。The unique natural environment and social development enable irrigation projects to develop continuously in China over a long period of time,creating rich and diversified traditional irrigation structures and exerting profound influences on the social,economic and cultural development of China.Heritage irrigation structure is the most numerous and complex type of water heritage.Clear concept and scientific identification of heritage irrigation structure are the basis for promoting heritage protection in an orderly and effective way.Based on the connotation of traditional irrigation and the classification of traditional irrigation projects,this paper studies and puts forward the concept definition of heritage irrigation structure and the basic characteristics that distinguish it from other cultural heritage.On this basis,it puts forward specific standards for identifying an heritage irrigation structure from the five aspects of historical period,hydraulic function,historical remains,authenticity and integrity at the operational level.

关 键 词：灌溉工程遗产 水利遗产 水利史 遗产保护 水文化 

分 类 号：TV87[水利工程—水利水电工程]