油气管道穿越地震断裂带应变监测方法探讨研究  

Research on strain monitoring method of oil and gas pipeline crossing seismic fault zones

作　　者：王东源[1] 李松坡 谭秋霞 张振永[1] WANG Dongyuan;LI Songpo;TAN Qiuxia;ZHANG Zhenyong(China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Corporation,Langfang 065000,China;Beijing Xingyou Engineering Project Management Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气管道工程有限公司,河北廊坊065000 [2]北京兴油工程项目管理有限公司,北京100010

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2023年第3期96-101,共6页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(GK-2019B-3011)。

摘　　要：地震产生的地表断裂对油气管道的安全运营构成严重威胁,是管道产生事故的重要因素,可造成管道拉断、屈曲变形和断裂。鉴于地震断裂带可能对管道产生严重影响,国内外对穿越地震断裂带的油气管道已开展动态监测和预警,实施管道安全监测预警可以进行震后速报,为管道安全运行状态评估、危险管段应急抢险提供依据。但是对于穿越活动断裂带管道应变监测的方法研究较少,且缺乏指导性的规范标准,导致监测措施没有针对性,监测方案各异,因此从工程应用角度出发,亟需推荐适用于穿越活动断裂带管道的应变监测方法。以国内正在建设的某天然气管道工程为研究对象,通过分析管道应变监测技术应用现状,结合沿线穿越断裂带的特点和管道应变监测应选用大应变、大量程应变传感器需求,开展监测方法比选研究。基于通过活动断层管道的复杂性,综合考虑各种应变传感器的优势与不足,提出了采用分布式同轴电缆电栅应变传感器对通过活动断层管段进行分布式全覆盖监测方法以指导工程施工,为后期类似的油气管道穿越地震断裂带应变监测提供借鉴。Surface fractures caused by earthquakes pose a serious threat to the safe operation of oil and gas pipelines,and are an important factor in pipeline accidents,which can cause pipeline rupture,buckling deformation and fracture.As the seismic fault zone may have a serious impact on the pipeline,dynamic monitoring and early warning of oil and gas pipelines crossing the seismic fault zone have been carried out at home and abroad.Implement of pipeline safety monitoring and early warning and rapid reports after earthquakes,provide a basis for pipeline safety assessment and emergency rescue of dangerous pipeline sections.However,there is relatively little research on methods suitable for pipeline stress monitoring across active fault zones,and there is a lack of guiding norms and standards,resulting in untargeted monitoring measures and different monitoring programs.Therefore,from the perspective of engineering application,it is urgent to recommend a stress monitoring method suitable for pipelines passing through active fault zones.This paper takes a certain natural gas pipeline project under construction in China as the research object,analyzes the application status of pipeline strain monitoring technology,and conducts comparison and selection of monitoring methods based on the characteristics of crossing the fault zone along the line and the needs of pipeline strain monitoring.Based on the complexity of pipelines passing through active faults,and comprehensively considering the advantages and disadvantages of various strain sensors,the use of distributed coaxial cable electric grid strain sensors to conduct distributed and full coverage monitoring methods for pipelines through active faults is proposed to guide the construction of the project.The stress monitoring of oil and gas pipelines crossing the seismic fault zone provides a reference.

关 键 词：油气管道 断裂带 活动断层 管道应变 应变监测 方法比选 

分 类 号：TE973[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]