升力体构型的边缘钝化方法及气动性能分析  

Blunt method of lift body configuration and aerodynamic performance analysis

作　　者：杨雨欣 陈烨斯 杨华 吴昌聚[1] YANG Yu-xin;CHEN Ye-si;YANG Hua;WU Chang-ju(School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学航空航天学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2023年第6期1242-1250,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U20B2007)。

摘　　要：升力体构型的尖锐边缘会产生恶劣的气动热环境,影响飞行器的结构强度并产生热应变和材料烧蚀现象,为此提出通过外切圆延伸钝化升力体的方法.对钝化前后构型进行数值模拟,通过灵敏度分析,研究钝化前后各设计参数对升阻比、壁面最大热流、容积、容积率的影响规律.以升阻比、容积、容积率的最大化为目标,优化未钝化外形.采用一致钝化法、非一致钝化法钝化优化后外形的尖锐边缘,分析钝化对气动力热特性的影响,对比2种钝化方法生成外形的气动性能差异.计算结果表明:钝化不会改变设计参数对气动性能的影响规律.钝化半径越大,壁面最大热流密度越低,对热流的缓解能力越弱.边缘一致钝化后,下表面高压气体泄漏至上表面,升阻比下降,容积率升高.边缘非一致钝化后,相比未钝化外形,升力体下表面高压气体泄漏减少,升阻比略有升高,最大热流密度升高但远小于未钝化时的最大热流密度. 2种钝化方法均对热环境有明显的改善作用.The sharp edges of a lift body can lead to a harsh aerodynamic thermal environment,which adversely affects the structural strength of the vehicle and produces thermal strain and material ablation.To resolve this problem,an externally tangential circular extension method to blunt the lift body was proposed.Numerical simulation was employed on the configuration under blunt and no-blunt situations.Impacts of parameters on performances,including the lift-drag ratio,the maximum wall heat flux,the volume and the volume ratio were investigated through sensitivity analysis.The no-blunt shape was optimized with the objective to maximize the lift-to-drag ratio,the volume and the volume ratio.A uniform blunt method and a non-uniform blunt method were applied to the optimized shape.The effect of blunt on the aerodynamic thermal characteristics and aerodynamic performance of shapes blunted by two methods were analyzed.The results indicate that influence of design variables on performance are not altered after blunt.The enlargement of blunt radius brings out decrease of maximum wall heat flux and a reduced degree of heat flux attenuation.The uniform blunt method not only leads to leakage of high-pressure gas from windward side of the lift body to leeward side,but also gives rise to decrease in lift-drag ratio and rise in volume ratio.The non-uniform blunt method contributes to diminish loss of high-pressure gas and increase lift-drag ratio slightly.The maximum heat flux of non-uniform blunt shape is well below that of no-blunt one.Both of the two blunt methods have a significant improvement on the thermal environment.

关 键 词：升力体 气动性能 钝化方法 一致钝化 非一致钝化 

分 类 号：V41[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]