发酵豆粕和豆粕替代部分鱼粉对银鲑幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏抗氧化能力和免疫相关基因表达量的影响  

FERMENTED SOYBEAN MEAL AND SOYBEAN MEAL REPLACE PARTIAL FISH MEAL ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE,HEMATOLOGY,LIVER ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND IMMUNE RELATED GENES mRNA EXPRESSION OF JUVENILE COHO SALMON

作　　者：徐粒潇 何楚景 刘永强 许剑 童潼 杨秋月 王佳婧 张琴 XU Li-Xiao;HE Chu-Jing;LIU Yong-Qiang;XU Jian;TONG Tong;YANG Qiu-Yue;WANG Jia-Jing;ZHANG Qin(Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications,Guangxi Marine Microbial Resources Industrialization Engineering Technology Research Center,Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Marine Resources,School of Biotechnology and Marine Science,Guangxi Minzu University,Nanning 530006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学海洋与生物技术学院,广西多糖材料与改性重点实验室,广西海洋微生物资源产业化工程技术研究中心,广西民族大学海洋生物资源保护与利用校级重点实验室,南宁530006

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2023年第9期1374-1385,共12页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020710);广西民族大学引进人才科研启动项目(2018KJQD14);广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA17204044);广西民族大学相思湖青年学者创新团队项目(2018RSCXSHQN02)资助。

摘　　要：为探究发酵豆粕和豆粕替代部分鱼粉对银鲑(Oncorhynchus kisutch)幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏抗氧化能力和免疫相关基因mRNA表达量的影响,试验设置4种等氮等脂等能的饲料(粗蛋白约为42%、粗脂肪约为15%):对照组为:添加41%鱼粉的饲料(FM组;鱼粉蛋白占比27%);试验组分别为在FM组中用豆粕替代部分鱼粉(SM组;鱼粉蛋白占比17%,豆粕蛋白占比10%)、在FM组中用豆粕和发酵豆粕混合替代部分鱼粉(FSM5组;鱼粉蛋白占比17%,豆粕蛋白占比5%,发酵豆粕蛋白占比5%)、在FM组中用发酵豆粕替代部分鱼粉(FSM10组;鱼粉蛋白占比17%,发酵豆粕蛋白占比10%),饲养体重为(102.25±0.24)g的银鲑幼鱼10周。生长结果表明,FSM10组的增重率、特定生长率、日增重率、肥满度与对照组没有显著差异(P>0.05);FSM5组特定生长率、增重率和日增重显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但显著高于SM组(P<0.05);各组间肝体比、脏体比和存活率没有显著差异(P>0.05)。肌肉成分结果显示,各组水分、灰分和粗蛋白没有显著差异(P>0.05),SM组的粗脂肪显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。血清生化试验结果表明,FSM10组血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇、白蛋白和总蛋白含量与对照组没有显著差异(P>0.05);FSM5组血清葡萄糖、白蛋白和总蛋白含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但显著高于SM组(P<0.05);各组间碱性磷酸酶、谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶酶活没有显著差异(P>0.05)。肝脏抗氧化能力试验结果表明,FSM10组超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶酶活显著高于对照组(P<0.05),还原型谷胱甘肽含量与对照组没有显著差异(P>0.05),丙二醛含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);FSM5组过氧化氢酶酶活和还原型谷胱甘肽含量显著高于SM组(P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著低于SM和对照组(P<0.05),超氧化物歧化酶酶活与对照组和SM组没有显著差异(P>0.05),但显著低于FSM10组(P<0.05)。肝脏免疫和炎性相关基因试验结果表In order to explore the effect of fermented soybean meal and soybean meal replacing part of fish meal on the growth performance,hematology,liver antioxidant activities and immune related gene mRNA expression of juvenile coho salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch),four kinds of iso-nitrogen and iso-lipid and iso-energy feeds were set up in this experiment(crude protein is about 42%and crude lipid is about 15%).The control group was fed with 41%fish meal(FM;fish meal protein accounts for 27%);the experimental groups were replacement of partial fish meal by soybean meal in the FM diets(SM;soybean meal protein accounts for 10%and fish meal protein accounts for 17%),replacement of partial fish meal by soybean meal and fermented soybean meal in the FM diets(SM;soybean meal protein accounts for 5%,fermented soybean meal protein accounts for 5%and fish meal protein accounts for 17%)and replacement of partial fish meal by fermented soybean meal in the FM diets(FSM;fermented soybean meal protein accounts for 10%and fish meal protein accounts for 17%).Those feeds used to feed juvenile coho salmon with an initial weight of(102.25±0.24)g for 10-weeks and the results indicated that there were no significant differences in the weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR),daily growth rate(DGR)and condition factor(CF)between the FSM10 and FM diets(P>0.05),the WGR,SGR and DGR of the FSM5 diets were significantly lower than that of the FM control groups but significantly higher than that of the SM diets(P<0.05)and there were no significant differences in hepatosomatic index(HSI),viscerosomatic index(VSI)and survival rate among groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in moisture,crude ash,crude protein among groups(P>0.05),but the crude fat of the SM diets was significantly lower than that of the FM control groups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the glucose(GLU),total cholesterol(T-CHO),albumin(ALB)and total protein(TP)between the FSM10 and FM diets(P>0.05)and there were no significant differences in alkaline

关 键 词：发酵豆粕 生长性能 血清生化指标 抗氧化能力 基因表达 银鲑幼鱼 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]