“NP_(1)+来+NP_(2)”句法形式下的两种构式及其能产性——兼论“来”的“代动词”问题  

Two constructions in the form of“NP_(1)+lai+NP_(2)”and their productivities:Also on the issue of lai as a pro-verb

作　　者：李延波 LI Yanbo

机构地区：[1]北京第二外国语学院汉语学院

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2023年第3期341-353,共13页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“基于汉语特征的多元语法理论探索(多卷本)”(20&ZD297);国家社科基金后期资助项目“汉语图式构式及能产性研究”(21FYYB027)的经费支持。

摘　　要：“NP_(1)+来+NP_(2)”句法形式是同形异构体,它负载了多种构式类型。文章重点讨论了其中的两种:计划将行构式和任务匹配构式,它们具有不同的使用场合、构式义、构式特征及能产条件。具有特定功能的“来”构式及“来”都具有内在和外在两层语义,内在是统一的位移义,外在是不同的功能义、语境义,两层语义的合作机制是“明示—推理”交际。在“来”的“代动”问题上,构式优选比词项替代说法更具合理性,这是“来”“代动”使用的实质。文章最后对结构主义研究方法和构式研究方法进行了简要探讨。The syntactic form“NP1+lai+NP2”is a homomorphism that is loaded with multiple types of constructions.The article focuses on two of them:plan implementation construction and task matching construction,which differ in usage contexts,constructional meaning,constructional features and productivity.The function-special lai construction and lai have both internal and external semantic meanings:the internal semantics is unified displacement,and the external is the different functional meaning and contextual meaning,with the cooperation mechanism of the two semantics being ostensive-inferential communication.In the case of the pro-verb of lai,construction preference is a more reasonable perspective than lexical substitution,In the case of the pro-verb of lai,construction preference is a more reasonable perspective than lexical substitution.It can be argued that construction preference is the essence of lai as a pro-verb.The article ends with a brief discussion of the structuralist and constructionist approaches to research.

关 键 词：“来” 代动词 构式竞争 构式优选 “明示-推理”交际 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]