干旱胁迫对5个茶树优良品系扦插苗生理生化特性影响的比较  

Comparison of the Effects of Drought Stress on the Physiological-Biochemical of Five Excellent Tea Tree Cutting Seedlings

作　　者：罗静 范士胜 宋勤飞 牛素贞 Luo Jing;Fan Shisheng;Song Qinfei;Niu Suzhen(College of Tea Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025;Guizhou Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Guiyang,550001)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学茶学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农作物技术推广总站,贵阳550001

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第13期4388-4397,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：贵州省自然科学基金重点项目(黔科合基础[2019]1404号);贵州省科技厅农业攻关项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2558;黔科合支撑[2017]2557);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果[2019]4279号);国家自然科学基金项目(32060700);贵州省教育厅重点领域项目(黔教合KY[2021]042)共同资助。

摘　　要：为筛选出抗旱性较强的优质茶树资源,本研究选用了5个优良茶树品系,从渗透调节物质、抗氧化酶系统、光合能力和根系形态结构进行抗旱性评价。结果表明,随干旱胁迫的增强,5个品系的脯氨酸、POD、根系长度、根系表面积、根系体积均呈先升后降的趋势,净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))和水分利用率(WUE)逐渐下降,根尖数、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白逐渐上升,SOD除A03呈逐渐上升的趋势外,其余4个逐渐降低,根系平均直径除A01呈先升后降,其余4个呈下降趋势。主成分分析结果表明,从16个生理生化指标中提取出4个主成分,其累计贡献率达到100%,利用4个主成分对5个优良品系的抗旱能力进行综合分析,结果显示抗旱能力依次表现为A03>A05>A02>A04>A01,A03的综合抗旱能力最强,A01最弱。对茶树优良品系水分高效利用、生态布局具有一定的指导意义。In order to screen out high quality tea resources with strong drought resistance,in this study,five excellent tea strains were selected to evaluate drought resistance from osmotic adjustment substances,antioxidant enzyme system,photosynthetic capacity and root morphological structure.The results showed that with the increase of drought stress,praline,POD,root length,root surface area and root volume of the five lines increased first and then decreased,net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i)),transpiration rate(Tr)and water use efficiency(WUE)decreased,while root tip number,soluble sugar and soluble protein increased,except for A03,the other four decreased gradually.Except A01,the average root diameter increased first and then decreased,the other four decreased.The results of principal component analysis showed that four principal components were extracted from 16 physiological and biochemical indexes,and their cumulative contribution rate reached 100%.The comprehensive analysis of drought resistance ability of five excellent strains using the four principal components showed that the order of drought resistance ability was A03>A05>A02>A04>A01.The comprehensive drought resistance ability of A03 was the strongest,and A01 was the weakest.It has a certain guiding significance for water efficient utilization and ecological distribution of tea superior strains.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 茶树扦插苗 生理生化 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]