基于创新价值链理论的我国上市建筑企业科技创新效率研究  

Research on Scientific and Technological Innovation Efficiency of Chinese Listed Construction Enterprises in China Based on the Theory of Innovation Value Chain

作　　者：缪鑫 傅晏[1,2] 刘建伟[1,2] 陈思[1,2] 习文强 吴思睿 Miao Xin;Fu Yan;Liu Jianwei;Chen Si;Xi Wenqiang;Wu Sirui(School of Management Science and Real Estate,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Institute of Urban-Rural Construction and Development,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Chongqing Construction Commission,Chongqing 400010,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院,重庆400045 [2]重庆大学城乡建设与发展研究院,重庆400045 [3]重庆市住房和城乡建设委员会,重庆400010

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2023年第10期73-79,共7页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：重庆市建设科技计划项目“建设行业科技创新实施路径研究”(Z20211243);重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目“重庆老工业区可持续转型评价及实施策略研究”(22SKGH389)。

摘　　要：我国建筑业目前的技术进步贡献率相对较低,而已有相关研究对企业创新系统内部的挖掘尚不够深入,尤其缺乏对中间过程创新效率的研究。为进一步提升我国建筑企业科技创新效率,以创新价值链理论为基础,将建筑企业科技创新过程划分为科技研发和成果转化两个阶段,利用2016—2020年我国52家上市建筑企业有关数据,通过构建共享投入两阶段DEA模型,针对企业各阶段创新效率实际情况进行分析。结果发现:考察期内建筑企业的整体创新效率从0.669上升至0.812,成果转化效率从0.458上升至0.768,科技研发效率却从0.629下降至0.418;科技研发阶段和成果转化阶段效率均值分别为0.511和0.586,仅有一家企业的科技研发效率达到DEA有效,成果转化效率DEA有效的企业有3家;房屋建筑领域企业的整体效率水平最高、土木工程建筑领域企业的效率水平最低,仅有专业工程建筑领域企业的科技研发效率高于成果转化效率;低研发高转化型企业占比最高(51.9%),高研发高转化型企业占比最低(9.7%),其中土木工程建筑和专业工程建筑领域不存在高研发高转化型企业。因此,我国建筑企业应注重创新投入资源合理配置、建立健全专利等知识产权保护机制、强化自身科技创新积累,政府的相关政策制定要有针对性、注意行业细分领域的差异性,更好地促进企业研发效率提升。The current contribution rate of technological progress in China's construction industry is relatively low,and relevant research on the internal exploration of enterprise innovation systems is not yet in depth,especially the lack of research on the efficiency of intermediate process innovation.In order to further improve the efficiency of technological innovation in China's construction enterprises,based on the innovation value chain theory,this paper divides the process of technological innovation in construction enterprises into two stages:technological research and development and achievement transformation,constructs a shared investment two-stage DEA model to analyze the actual innovation efficiency of construction enterprises in each stage by using relevant data from 52 listed construction enterprises in China from 2016 to 2020.The results show that during the inspection period,the overall innovation eficiency of construction enterprises increased from 0.669 to 0.812,the achievement conversion efficiency increases from 0.458 to 0.768,and the technology research and development efficiency decreases from 0.629 to 0.418;the average eficiency of the technology research and development stage and the achievement transformation stage are 0.511 and 0.586 respectively,only one enterprise has achieved DEA effective,while there are three enterprises achieve DEA effective in achievement transformation efficiency;the overall efficiency level of the housing and construction industry is the highest,while the efficiency level of the civil engineering and construction industry is the lowest,only professional engineering and construction industry enterprises have technology research and development efficiency higher than achievement conversion efficiency;the proportion of low R&D and high conversion enterprises is the highest(51.9%),while the proportion of high R&D and high conversion enterprises is the lowest(9.7%),there are no high R&D and high conversion enterprises in the civil engineering and professional engineering con

关 键 词：建筑企业 科技创新效率 科技研发效率 成果转化效率 创新价值链理论 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理] F204[经济管理—国民经济] F224[文化科学] G301