基于专利视角的企业潜在竞争与合作关系预测——以钙钛矿型太阳能电池为例  

Prediction of Potential Competition and Cooperation Between Enterprises from the Perspective of Patent:Taking Perovskite Solar Cells as an Example

作　　者：周志刚 窦路遥 Zhou Zhigang;Dou Luyao(Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西财经大学信息学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2023年第10期136-145,共10页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目“大数据技术与应用产学协同改革研究与实践”(J2021294);中国高等教育学会专项课题“大数据技术与应用产教融合实践与创新”(21CJZD06)。

摘　　要：企业竞争合作关系的判断基础之一在于技术专利的相关性。鉴于专利数量激增所带来的技术迭代加快,技术生命周期性所带来的技术分层、演化、共现关系逐渐清晰,基于技术生命周期所进行的有关潜在关系预测更能在时间维度上刻画企业的潜在竞合关系。不同于以往研究,结合协同过滤思想与技术生命周期理论,计算企业技术与有关专利相似度,以钙钛矿型太阳能电池为例,将隆华科技集团(洛阳)股份有限公司作为目标企业,基于word2vec词向量模型与LDA模型对专利文本进行数据挖掘与语料库扩充,构建梯度系数进行竞合强度判断;同时,利用推荐算法拟合出相似企业并对企业未来发展技术进行推荐,继而预测企业间潜在的竞合关系。结果表明:在钙钛矿型太阳能电池领域,基于时间维度上的协同过滤思想适用于企业间潜在竞合关系判断,预测结果也通过实证检验;基于专利视角,企业间的竞合关系可分为潜在强合作型、潜在弱合作型、潜在强竞争型和潜在弱竞合型。One of the key foundations for assessing the competitive cooperation relationship between enterprises lies in the correlation of their technological patents.Given the accelerated technological iterations resulting from the rapid increase in the number of patents,as well as the technological stratification,evolution,and gradually clear coexistence relationships due to the lifecycle of technologies,predicting potential relationships based on the technological lifecycle is more likely to provide a better understanding in the temporal dimension.Unlike previous research,this paper combines collaborative filtering and technological lifecycle theory to calculate the similarity between enterprise technology and related patents.Taking the example of perovskite solar cells,and Longhua Technology Group(Luoyang)Co.,Ltd.is selected as the target enterprise.The word2vec vector model and LDA model is used to mine data and expand corpus of patent texts,and a gradient coefficient is constructed to assess the strength of competition and cooperation.Additionally,a recommendation algorithm is adopted to find similar enterprises and provide recommendations for the target enterprise's future technological development.Subsequently,potential competitive and cooperative relationships between enterprises are predicted.The results indicate that in the field of perovskite solar cells,the collaborative filtering approach based on the temporal dimension is applicable for assessing potential relationships between enterprises,and the predictive results are also validated through empirical tests.From the patent perspective,the competitive and cooperative relationships between enterprises can be categorized as potentially strong and potentially weak.

关 键 词：企业竞争 企业合作 专利 潜在关系识别 协同过滤 钙钛矿太阳能电池 

分 类 号：G255.53[文化科学—图书馆学] F224[经济管理—国民经济] G301