兰姆版《莎士比亚物语》在日本明治前期的译介与传播  

The Translation and Dissemination of Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare in Early-Meii Japan

作　　者：李艳丽 Li Yanli(University of Tokyo;Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]东京大学 [2]上海社会科学院文学研究所

出　　处：《中世纪与文艺复兴研究》2019年第1期242-257,共16页Medieval and Renaissance Studies

摘　　要：作为英国文学经典的莎士比亚作品,在明治前期传入日本时,以青少年为对象的通俗易懂的兰姆版《莎士比亚物语》广为流传。然而,兰姆版的各种翻译/改写、译者、媒体情况并不明晰。本文立足于文献调查,阐明以下问题:明治开化时期,日本以英国为范本建构近代国家,聘请外国教师、设置英文学科、教授英国文学/莎翁作品,培育了莎学人才;引进诸多兰姆版作品,尝试各种翻案①改写及舞台化,报刊媒体发挥了重要的推广作用;兰姆版的译者大多是接受了明治新式教育的英文学者,也活跃于报刊媒体。但是,这并不能严格定义:所谓在大报上刊登就是出于政党政论的目的,在小报上刊登就是出于娱乐性;在译者而言,也是自觉或不自觉地从娱乐和政治两方面推动了莎士比亚作品的译介与传播,这也从侧面体现了转折期日本文学的特点。Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare,whose intended readers are children,was widely spread during the early Meiji era.However,much remains unclear about its various translations/rewrites,translators,and publication media.This article,by way of literature search,tries to clarify the following problems.During the Meiji civilized period,Japan regarded Britain as a model for the construction of a modern country.It invited foreign teachers,set up the English disciplines,taught British/Shakespearean works,and trained scholars in Shakespeare studies.Many versions of Lamb's Shakespeare have been introduced into Japan,and the rewrites and adaptations for performance have been tried.During this process,press media,including entertainment newspapers,political newspapers,literary magazines,and academic magazines,played an important role.Most translators of the Lambs were Anglicists who had accepted the Meiji new education and were active in the press media.It should be noted that,publications in the major newspaper are not always for the purpose of party politics,and publications in the tabloid are not always for the purpose of entertainment.In a similar way,translators promoted,consciously or unconsciously,the translation and dissemination of Shakespeare's works both for the purpose of politics and that of entertainment.This fact reflects the characteristics of Japanese literature in transition indirectly.

关 键 词：《莎士比亚物语》 兰姆 明治 译介 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]