直升机尾桨永磁同步电机无传感复合控制  

Sensorless Composite Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Helicopter CCulvert Tail Rotor

作　　者：江浩 周瑾[1] 姚润晖 JIANG Hao;ZHOU Jin;YAO Run-hui(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,机电学院,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《电力电子技术》2023年第6期13-17,共5页Power Electronics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075239)。

摘　　要：直升机涵道尾桨永磁同步电机采用无转速传感器控制能够避免由转速传感器故障引起的电机失稳,考虑到永磁同步电机低速恒流频比(I/F)无传感控制转速易波动、中高速滑模无传感控制高频抖振明显等问题,提出了一种阻尼转矩补偿I/F与自适应滑模相结合的全速范围复合控制策略。首先,在低速I/F无传感控制的基础上根据电机瞬时有功功率调节电流矢量转速以产生阻尼转矩,补偿电磁转矩中的不平衡分量,提升电机低速的稳定性;其次,基于中高速滑模无传感控制构建了反电势自适应律以削弱反电势抖振,在省略了反电势低通滤波器的同时,进一步降低了锁相环输出的估计转速波动幅度,提升了电机转子位置的估计精度。仿真与试验结果均验证了该复合无传感控制策略在电机全速范围内运行具有良好的稳定性与可靠性。The speed sensorless control of the helicopter culvert tail rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor can avoid the motor instability caused by the failure of the speed sensor.Considering the problems that the speed of the low speed constant current frequency ratio(I/F)sensorless control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is easy to fluctuate and the high-frequency chatter of the medium and high speed sliding mode sensorless control is obvious,a full speed range composite control strategy combining damping torque compensation I/F and adaptive sliding mode is proposed.Firstly,on the basis of the low speed I/F sensorless control,the current vector speed is adjusted according to the instantaneous active power of the motor to generate damping torque,the unbalanced component in the electromagnetic torque is compensated,the low speed stability of the motor is improved.Secondly,based on the medium and high speed sliding mode sensorless control,the self-adaptive law of back electrical potential is constructed to reduce the chattering of back electrical potential,while the low-pass filter of back electrical potential is omitted,the estimated speed fluctuation amplitude of the phase-locked loop output is further reduced,and the estimation accuracy of motor rotor position is improved.The simulation and test results verify that the composite sensorless control strategy has good stability and reliability in the full speed range of the motor.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 阻尼转矩 自适应滑模 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]