改革开放以来中国企业技术创新主体地位演变历程、机理及态势  

The Evolution Course,Mechanism and Trend of the Dominant Position of Technological Innovation of Chinese Enterprises Since the Reform and Opening up

作　　者：杨林[1] 李敏 YANG Lin;LI Min(School of Business Administration,Nanjing University of Finance&Economics,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学工商管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《江南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第3期27-43,共17页Journal of Jiangnan University：Humanities & Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“数字化背景下‘专精特新’企业双元创新与价值实现机制研究”(22AGL019)。

摘　　要：党的十九届五中全会提出了坚持创新在我国现代化建设全局中的核心地位,把科技自立自强作为国家发展的战略支撑。作为创新主体的微观企业,其技术创新主体地位一直是我国创新体制改革、创新活力激发的重要组成部分,在新时代直接决定着国家自主创新能力和综合国力态势。文章聚焦于企业技术创新主体地位这一重要命题,通过回顾梳理改革开放以来我国企业技术创新主体演变历程,总结提炼出“酝酿扎根—探索确立—巩固强化—转型发展”的企业技术创新主体地位演进脉络,历经计划经济时期、社会主义市场经济体制确立期、改革深化时期直至进入中国特色社会主义新时代,整体取得了积极进步与显著成效。在此基础上,文章从政府、市场以及企业自身等多层次剖析企业技术创新主体地位演变发生的内在机理,并立足科技自立自强背景对企业技术创新主体地位强化的未来态势进行了阐述。研究结论对自立自强时代背景下深化企业技术创新地位动态演变机制、企业技术创新能力形成机制以及技术创新能力提升路径等具有积极借鉴与启示作用。At the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the CPC,it was pointed out that innovation is at the core of China's modernization and that self-reliance in science and technology is a strategic support for national development.As the main body of innovation,the dominant position of technological innovation of enterprises has always been an important part of the vitality of the innovation system reform,which directly determines the national independent innovation ability and overall national strength in the new era.This paper focuses on the important topic of the dominant position of enterprise technology innovation,by reviewing and sorting out the evolution of enterprise technology innovation since the reform and opening up.It points out the evolutionary process of the dominant position of enterprise technological innovation,which is from"brewing and taking root,exploring and establishing,and consolidating and strengthening to transforming and developing".After going through the periods of planned economy,the establishment of the socialist market economy,deepened reform,and a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,positive progress and remarkable results have been achieved on the whole.On this basis,this paper analyzes the internal mechanism of the evolution of the dominant position of enterprise technology innovation from the perspectives of the government,the market and the enterprise itself,and expounds the future trend of the strengthening of the dominant position of enterprise technology innovation against the background of technological self-reliance and self-improvement.The conclusion can be used for reference and enlightenment to deepen the dynamic evolution mechanism of enterprise's technological innovation status,the formation mechanism of enterprise's technological innovation ability and the path of technological innovation ability promotion in an era of self-reliance and self-improvement.

关 键 词：改革开放 企业技术创新 创新主体地位 数字经济 科技自立自强 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理] F279.2[经济管理—国民经济]