地铁B型车不锈钢点焊车体有限元建模方法对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Finite Element Modeling Methods for Stainless Steel Spot Weld Body of Subway Type B Cars

作　　者：卢耀辉[1,2] 李腾宇 张志强[2] 史潇博 刘贝尔 LU Yaohui;LI Tengyu;ZHANG Zhiqiang;SHI Xiaobo;LIU Beier(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Graduate School of Tangshan,Southwest Jiaotong University,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学唐山研究生院,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2023年第3期1-5,12,共6页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275428);四川省科技厅重点研发计划项目(22ZDYF3050)。

摘　　要：以某B型不锈钢地铁车体为对象,研究建模方法对车体有限元分析的影响,包括静强度、刚度和模态分析。首先采用CAD建模软件建立了车体的精细几何模型,然后基于厚度叠加原理,建立了无点焊等效厚度的车体板壳模型,同时建立了采用CWELD焊点单元精确模拟点焊的车体板壳模型。在此基础上,依据BS EN 12663-1:2010标准,确定了车体强度评价载荷工况,对比分析了两种建模方法的有限元分析结果,验证了简化建模方法的有效性。对两种模型车体理行计算,模态分析结果表明,有点焊模型模态频率较高,刚度结果表明有点焊模型刚度较大,静强度结果表明有点焊模型强度较高。采用等厚度叠加原理的车体建模计算结果偏于保守,在工程设计和分析中采用是可行的。A B-type stainless steel subway car body is taken as the object to study the influence of modeling methods on the finite element analysis of the car body,including static strength,stiffness and modal analysis.Firstly,the fine geometric model of the car body is established by CAD modeling software,a car body plate shell model of the equivalent thickness without spot welding is established based on the principle of thickness superposition,and a car body plate shell model with CWELD welding point element is established to accurately simulate spot welding.According to the BS EN12663-1:2010 standard,the load condition of the vehicle body strength evaluation is determined,the finite element analysis results of the two modeling methods are compared and analyzed,and the effectiveness of the simplified modeling method is verified.Through the calculation of the two model car bodies,the modal results show that the modal frequency of the spot weld model is higher,the stiffness results show that the spot welding model has higher stiffness,and the static strength results show that the spot welding model has higher strength.The calculation results of the car body modeling using the principle of equal thickness superposition are conservative,and it is feasible to use it in engineering design and analysis.

关 键 词：不锈钢车体 CWELD单元 车体建模 有限元分析 板壳单元 

分 类 号：U270.32[机械工程—车辆工程]