工作记忆、靶线索间隔时间对事件性前瞻记忆的影响  

The impaction of working memory and cue-target interval on event-based prospective memory

作　　者：孙佳禾 何文广[1] Sun Jiahe;HE Wenguang(School of Psychology,Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学心理学院,曲阜273165

出　　处：《心理研究》2023年第3期224-232,共9页Psychological Research

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019MC048);山东省青年科技创新团队(2019RWF005)项目。

摘　　要：采用双重任务研究范式,系统考察了不同类型的工作记忆负荷、靶线索间隔时间对事件性前瞻记忆(EBPM)两成分(前瞻成分、回溯成分)的影响。结果显示:工作记忆负荷对EBPM有显著影响,具体表现为高负荷工作记忆条件下EBPM成绩差于低工作记忆负荷;靶线索间隔时间对EBPM有显著影响,长时间间隔条件下被试的作业表现较差,而且间隔时间对EBPM两成分的影响没有受到工作记忆任务类型的影响;较之于前瞻成分,回溯成分更容易受到工作记忆负荷的影响;不同工作记忆类型对前瞻记忆两成分任务有不同影响,回溯成分任务更容易受客体工作记忆的影响。综合来看,研究结果支持了“预备注意加工和记忆加工”理论。Using dual-task paradigm,we investigated the influence of different types of working memory loads and cue-target intervals on two components(prospective component and retrospective component)in event-based prospective memory(EBPM).The results showed that working memory load had significant effect on EBPM,the EBPM performance was worse in the condition of high working memory load compared with low working memory load.Cue-target interval also had significant effect on EBPM,showed that the condition of long cue-target interval had a worse performance,and the effect of cue-target interval on two components of the EBPM were not influenced by the type of working memory task.Compared to prospective component,retrospective component was more easily affected by working memory load.Different working memory tasks had different effects on two components of prospective memory,retrospective component was more easily impacted by object working memory.To be summarized,these results confirmed with predictions from"preparatory attentional processes and memory processes theory".

关 键 词：事件性前瞻记忆 工作记忆 延时间隔 前瞻成分 回溯成分 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]