核桃炭疽病新型生防木霉的筛选及生物学特性研究  

Selecting and Biological Characteristics of Trichoderma sp. Against Walnut Anthracnose

作　　者：原甜甜 李宗阳 陈佳佳 赖勇 张党权 陈圆圆 YUAN Tian-tian;LI Zong-yang;CHEN Jia-jia;LAI Yong;ZHANG Dang-quan;CHEN Yuan-yuan(College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,P.R.China;College of Landscape Architecture,Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry,Zhenjiang 212400,Jiangsu,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学院,河南郑州450046 [2]江苏农林职业技术学院风景园林学院,江苏镇江212400

出　　处：《林产工业》2023年第6期57-63,共7页China Forest Products Industry

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(202102110079);江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目(20KJB220003);国家自然科学基金(31900017)。

摘　　要：为防治由胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)引起的核桃炭疽病,从核桃叶、茎、根等组织中分离出9种内生真菌。分别对分离得到的内生真菌与胶孢炭疽菌进行平板对峙试验和田间致病性检测,筛选得到一株抑制效果较好的菌株Chen-P20。经分子学和形态学鉴定为木霉属真菌Trichoderma sp.。研究表明:平板对峙培养条件下Trichoderma sp. Chen-P20菌丝对胶孢炭疽菌抑制率为83.3%,其孢子悬浮液对胶孢炭疽菌的抑制率为84.7%。Trichoderma sp. Chen-P20在核桃叶、茎和幼苗植物体内拮抗活性显著,对胶孢炭疽菌的防治率分别为62.6%、55.6%和66.8%。Trichoderma sp. Chen-P20菌丝生长和产孢的最适培养基为PDA,最佳碳源和氮源分别为麦芽糖和甘氨酸,最适环境条件为25℃,持续光照,pH在5~6之间。In order to control anthracnose of walnut caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,nine endophytic fungi were isolated from various walnut tissues(leaves,stems and roots).The isolated fungi were tested for their antagonistic potential against C.gloeosporioides and their field pathogenicity to walnut.A strain Chen-P20 with good inhibitory effect was obtained and it was identified as Trichoderma sp.by phylogeny and morphology.The antagonistic test showed that the inhibition rate of Trichoderma sp.Chen-P20 mycelium against C.gloeosporioides was 83.3%and the rate of spore suspension was 84.7%.Trichoderma sp.Chen-P20 showed significant antagonistic activity against C.gloeosporioides in walnut leaves,stems and seedlings,and the inhibition rate were 62.6%,55.6%and 66.8%respectively.The optimal medium for Trichoderma sp.Chen-P20 mycelium growth and sporulation was PDA,and the optimal carbon source and nitrogen source were maltose and C2H5NO2.The optimal conditions were 25℃,constant light,and pH between 5 to 6.

关 键 词：内生真菌 木霉菌属 核桃炭疽病 生物防治 生物学特性 

分 类 号：TS6[轻工技术与工程]