杂交构树半干青贮加工工艺参数研究  

Study on the technical parameters of semi-dry hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera silage feed

作　　者：宫斌 侯坤 檀论 范彩云[1] 王典 兰儒冰 陆兴伟 卓钊 王菊花[1] 程建波[1] GONG Bin;HOU Kun;TAN Lun;FAN Caiyun;WANG Dian;LAN Rubing;LU Xingwei;ZHUO Zhao;WANG Juhua;CHENG Jianbo(College of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,Anhui,China;China Youran Dairy Group Limited,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia,China;Anhui Hua Hao Ecological Breeding Co.,Ltd.,Liuan 237010,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]内蒙古优然牧业有限责任公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]安徽华好生态养殖有限公司,安徽六安237010

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第6期1677-1686,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：安徽省重点研发计划项目(202004a06020012);安徽省高校自然科学基金(KJ2021A0153);安徽省牛羊产业技术体系资金(AHCYJSTX-07)。

摘　　要：杂交构树‘中科1号构树’(Broussonetia papyrifera‘Zhongke No.1’)属桑科构属落叶灌木,具有生长迅速、产量高、蛋白含量丰富的特性,是一种极具开发价值的非常规蛋白质饲料资源。但其作为一种饲料原料,粗纤维含量高、蛋白质结构复杂,且含有抗营养因子。为了提高构树饲料适口性和营养物质消化率,降低其中纤维素含量,本试验选用植物乳杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)、乳酸片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici)、布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus buchneri)作为发酵菌种,对半干构树采用正交设计来优化菌种组合、物料组合、含水量、青贮时间等条件,以感官指标、化学指标以及营养指标为判定青贮质量优劣的依据,最终确定最优的构树半干青贮饲料工艺参数组合。结果表明,构树半干青贮最佳工艺参数为水分含量55%、植物乳杆菌꞉乳酸片球菌꞉布氏乳杆菌组合比例4꞉1꞉1、糖蜜添加量3%、纤维素酶添加量9×10^(3)U·kg^(−1)、青贮时间60 d。该条件下有氧稳定性为226.33~245.67 h,粗蛋白含量为16.27%~16.62%,酸性洗涤纤维含量为32.25%~32.61%,中性洗涤纤维含量为44.17%~44.81%。本研究确定了杂交构树半干青贮饲料适宜工艺参数,为构树青贮饲料在畜牧养殖业的应用提供依据。The hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera belongs to the deciduous shrub family Moraceae,which is characterized by rapid growth,high yield,and rich protein content.It is a type of unconventional protein feed resource with great development value.However,as a feed material,it has high crude fiber content,complex protein structure,and contains anti-nutritional factors.To improve the B.papyrifera feed palatability and bioavailability of nutrients and reduce the content of cellulose and antinutrients,this experiment selected the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum,Pediococcus acidilactici,and Lactobacillus buchneri strains for fermentation of half dry B.papyrifera strains using orthogonal design.The combination,material composition,water content,silage conditions,and fermentation time were optimized.Based on the sensory,chemical,and nutritional indexes to assess the quality of silage,the optimal combination of process parameters of semi-dry silage was determined for hybrid B.papyrifera.The results showed that the optimal process parameters of semi-dry silage were as follows:Water content of 55%,strain combination of Lactobacillus plantarum,Mycococcus lactis and Lactobacillus brucei 4꞉1꞉1,molasses added at 3%,cellulase added at 9×10^(3)U·kg^(−1),silage time 60 days.The optimal process parameters of semi-dry silage for hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera were determined,which provides a basis for the application of Broussonetia papyrifera silage in animal husbandry and breeding.

关 键 词：杂交构树 半干青贮 饲料 正交试验 乳酸菌 厌氧发酵 工艺参数 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]