人工智能时代的隐私保护——兼论欧盟《通用数据保护条例》条款及相关新规  

Privacy Protection under the Artificial Intelligence Era:Analysis of Provisions in EU General Data Protection Regulation and Related Proposals for New Regulations

作　　者：华劼 Hua Jie

机构地区：[1]同济大学上海国际知识产权学院

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2023年第6期97-108,共12页

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“促进数据开放利用的著作权制度优化研究”(项目编号:21BFX201)。

摘　　要：人工智能时代个人信息数据极易被人工智能获取,产生个人隐私泄露的危机。人工智能时代可能出现三类与传统隐私侵权有别的情形,包括是否能将人工智能认定为侵权主体、如何降低人工智能将被匿名化的数据与其他信息相联从而产生去匿名化的隐私泄露风险、以及如何解决人工智能无处不在的收集能力使每一次数据收集未必经过数据主体同意从而侵犯数据主体知情同意权的问题。欧盟于2018年5月开始全面执行的《通用数据保护条例》重新调整了欧盟个人数据保护策略,其中部分法规可应对人工智能带来的隐私危机。文章将通过分析欧盟《通用数据保护条例》中涉及隐私保护的条款及后续拟修订出台的相关新规,探讨人工智能时代三类隐私侵权问题及探索解决方案。In the era of artificial intelligence,personal data can be easily acquired by artificial intelligence,resulting in a crisis of personal privacy leakage.There may be three problems about personal privacy leakage in the artificial intelligence era.First,it is uncertain whether artificial intelligence should be regarded as legal person and be liable for privacy infringement.Second,artificial intelligence can re-identify data subject by linking additional information with anonymous data and raise risk of privacy leakage.Third,data collection may not be subject to data subject’s consent due to the ubiquitous data collection capability of artificial intelligence,resulting in infringement of data subjects’right of consent.The General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR)of the European Union readjusts personal data protection strategy and policy,some of which may deal with the privacy crisis brought about by artificial intelligence.This article will explore three types of privacy infringement issues and explore solutions in the era of artificial intelligence by analyzing the provisions related to privacy protection in the GDPR and related proposals for new regulations.

关 键 词：人工智能 隐私 责任主体 去匿名化 知情同意 

分 类 号：DF59[政治法律—民商法学]