昭平县茶树优良品种引种试种初报  

Preliminary Report on Introduction and Trial Planting of Fine Varieties of Tea Tree in Zhaoping County

作　　者：区宝莲 黄源木 区胜基 张汝净 巫琴仙 谭慧琪 吴肃清 Ou Bao-lian;Huang Yuan-mu;Ou Sheng-ji;Zhang Ru-jing;Wu Qin-xian;Tan Hui-qi;Wu Su-qing(Guangxi Zhaoping County Yishan Tea Professional Cooperative,Hezhou,Guangxi 546899,China;Zhaoping Town Government Service Center of Zhaoping County,Hezhou,Guangxi 546899,China;Guangxi Zhaoping County Agricultural Science Research Institute,Hezhou,Guangxi 546899,China;Guangxi Zhaoping County Farm Construction Workstation,Hezhou,Guangxi 546899,China;Guangxi Zhaoping County Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade,Hezhou,Guangxi 546899,China;Guangxi Jiangjunfeng Tea Industry Group Co.LTD,Hezhou,Guangxi 546899,China)

机构地区：[1]广西昭平县益山茶叶专业合作社,广西贺州546899 [2]广西昭平县昭平镇政务服务中心,广西贺州546899 [3]广西昭平县农业科学研究所,广西贺州546899 [4]广西昭平县农田建设工作站,广西贺州546899 [5]广西昭平县农业综合行政执法大队,广西贺州546899 [6]广西将军峰茶业集团有限公司,广西贺州546899

出　　处：《广西农学报》2023年第2期28-35,49,共9页Journal of Guangxi Agriculture

基　　金：2021—2025年广西特色作物昭平茶叶试验站建设项目(项目编号:TS202126)。

摘　　要：【目的】丰富贺州市茶树品种的类型,为贺州市茶产业发展提供参考依据。【方法】从广西区内外引进茶树优良品种“黄金茶1号”等34个,以贺州市昭平县茶区当家品种“福云6号”为对照种,观测其成活率、物候期、形态特征、百芽重、鲜叶产量、制茶品质和抗性,分析在昭平县种植的适应性。【结果】以“中茶302”“黄金茶1号”“碧香早”等产量较高,对照“福云6号”产量最高,“黄金芽”产量最低。综合茶树成活率、形态特征、植株性状、春季茶芽萌发早晚、抗性等情况看,引进的茶树优良品种“黄金茶1号”等30个品种基本能适应贺州市的气候环境;这些品种研制绿茶外形均条索紧结,除“紫娟”品种汤色紫色,呈苦涩感外,其余品种汤色呈嫩黄色、翠绿或墨绿色,呈清香、淡清香,味醇厚鲜爽。【结论】“黄金茶1号”等30个品种可作为品种结构调整的备选品种,适当引进推广种植;其中,“紫娟”品种适宜制红茶,“黄金茶1号”等其余品种适宜制绿茶,是开发绿茶的优良品种。“皇冠”“黄金芽”“桂红3号”“龙井43”等4个品种适应性、抗性表现较差,引种应谨慎。【Objective】Enrich the types of tea tree varieties in Hezhou,and provide reference for the development of tea industry in Hezhou.【Method】Thirty-four excellent varieties of tea trees,such as“Huangjin tea No.1”were introduced and planted from inside and outside Guangxi,and the main tea variety“Fuyun No.6”in Zhaoping County of Hezhou City was used as the control.The survival rate,phenological period,basic morphological characteristics,hundred bud weight,fresh leaf yield,tea quality and resistance were observed,and the adaptability of planting in Zhaoping County was analyzed.【Result】The yield of“Zhong tea No.302”,“Huangjin tea No.1”and“Bixiangzao”was the highest,the yield of control variety“Fuyun No.6”was the highest,and the yield of“Golden bud”was the lowest.Based on the survival rate,morphological characteristics,plant traits,early and late germination of spring tea buds,resistance and other conditions of tea trees,the 30 varieties of tea trees,such as the introduced excellent variety“Huangjin tea No.1”,can basically adapt to the climatic environment of Hezhou City.The appearance of green tea developed by these varieties is tight.Except for the“Zijuan”variety,the soup color of the other varieties is tender yellow,emerald green or dark green,with light fragrance.【Conclusion】30 varieties such as“Huangjin tea No.1”can be used as alternative varieties for variety structure adjustment,which can be appropriately introduced and popularized for planting.Among them,“Zijuan”variety is suitable for making black tea,“Huangjin tea No.1”and other varieties are suitable for making green tea,and are excellent varieties for developing green tea.Four varieties,including“Huangguan”,“Huangjinya”,“Guihong No.3”and“Longjing No.43”,showed poor adaptability and resistance,and should be introduced with caution.

关 键 词：茶树 品种 引种 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]