古典文学教育与人性均衡——欧文·白璧德的文学教育思想  

Classic Literature Education and the Balanced Humanity:Irving Babbitt on Literary Education

作　　者：王凤 WANG Feng(School of Foreign Languages,Xidian University,Xi’an 710126,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学外国语学院,陕西西安710126

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2023年第3期85-94,共10页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：重庆市教育教学研究项目“新文科视域下研究生英语课程思政元素挖掘及实践路径研究”(项目编号:yjg213085);西安电子科技大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“外国文学教育与认知研究”(项目编号:ZTYS23040)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：针对19世纪后期到20世纪初哈佛大学教育改革导致的文学教学困境,白璧德认为,美国大学教育过多地受到实用主义、自然主义、科技主义、功利主义等社会思潮的影响。为进行纠偏,他提出了古典文学教育的主张,将古典文学视为可供美国大学生共享的一个传统,把古典文学教育作为培养学生道德品格、促进学生全面性发展的一个重要途径。白璧德的文学教育思想与马修·阿诺德的思想一脉相承,是对阿诺德批评美国文化做出的一种积极回应。白璧德的思想具有一定的理想主义色彩和理论局限性,但仍然体现了其关于大学教育本质的真知灼见,使他步入现代人文教育的先行者之列。With the educational reform by Harvard University in the late 19th and early 20th century,teaching of literature was met with general disregard,which,according to Irving Babbitt,was influenced by social trends such as pragmatism,naturalism,science and technology,and utilitarianism.In order to correct the deviation,he put forward the proposition of classical literature education,regarding classical literature as a tradition that can be a shared ground for American college students.Furthermore,it is an important way to promote students’moral character and promote their all-round development.Babbitt follows,in terms of the influence on his ideas of literary education, the step of Matthew Arnold and makes positive responses to Arnold’s criticism ofAmerican culture. Despite his being idealistic and theoretically limited, Babbitt presents his insight intothe essence of university education, making him a pioneer in modern humanistic education.

关 键 词：文学教育 选修制 古典文学 人性 欧文·白璧德 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]