基于低压浇注及协调施压的车轮液态模锻模具设计  

Mold design on wheel liquid die forging based on low pressure casting and coordinated pressing

作　　者：杨茜[1,2] 尹甜甜 Yang Xi;Yin Tiantian(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Nonferrous Metals of Henan Province,Luoyang 471023,China;School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Kaifeng University,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]有色金属共性技术河南省协同创新中心,河南洛阳471023 [3]开封大学机械与汽车工程学院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《锻压技术》2023年第6期171-175,共5页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(232102220039)。

摘　　要：对汽车车轮的液态模锻工艺进行了分析,针对由于壁厚不均匀导致热节而造成的局部疏松、冷隔、气孔及热应力等缺陷问题,提出了一种协调施压成形方案,并说明了模具的结构特征和工艺流程,介绍了新工艺的特点和应用。通过对坯料分区施压,实现了成形时模具压下量与坯料收缩量互相匹配,提高了材料的组织均匀性;利用低压浇注系统进行定容封闭浇注,可简化工艺、优化工作环境、防止坯料氧化;通过环槽配合结构和双弹簧封堵协调机构设计,使施压零件和封堵零件兼具顶出功能,实现了制件的可靠脱模,并可降低对成形设备输出动作的要求。所制定的模具结构简单紧凑,制件材料利用率高,制件质量好,适合车轮低压铸造工艺的升级换代,具有较高的应用价值。The liquid die forging technology of automobile wheels was analyzed,and aiming at the defects of local porosity,cold shuts,pores and thermal stress caused by hot spots due to nonuniform wall thickness,a coordinated pressing forming scheme was proposed.Then,the structural characteristics and process flow of the mold were discussed,and the characteristics and application of the new process were introduced.Furthermore,by applying pressure to the billet in different zones,the mutual matching between mold pressing amount and billet shrinkage during forming was realized,and the uniformity of the material structure was improved.In addition,the use of a lowpressure pouring system for constant volume closed pouring could simplify the process,optimize the working environment and prevent the billet oxidation.Through the design of ring groove matching structure and dual spring sealing coordination mechanism,the pressure applying parts and sealing parts had both ejection function,which realized the reliable demoulding of parts and reduced the requirements for the output action of forming equipment.The results show that the formulated mold has a simple and compact structure,a high material utilization rate and a good product quality,which is suitable for the upgrading of the wheel low-pressure casting process and has high application value.

关 键 词：液态模锻 车轮 定容浇注 协调施压 二次脱模 

分 类 号：TG316[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]