基于点云深度学习的装配式构件尺寸参数识别方法  

Parametric identification method for fabricated components based on point cloud deep learning

作　　者：张衡[1] 舒展 ZHANG Heng;SHU Zhan(School of Mechanic and Engineering Science,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学力学与工程科学学院,上海200444

出　　处：《上海大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期502-511,共10页Journal of Shanghai University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：利用点云深度学习技术自动识别建筑构件的尺寸,并使用虚拟点云解决了3D点云数据集工作繁杂的问题.首先,提出了一种批量快速生成虚拟点云数据集的方法.通过建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术对装配式构件参数化建模,对其进行批处理转换数据格式后生成3D点云模型,从而生成无噪声、带标注的高质量点云.然后,对点云分类网络PointNet进行改进,搭建了端对端的构件尺寸参数识别网络PointNet CE.最后,使用生成的虚拟点云数据集进行模型训练,并通过工程实例验证了方法的有效性.实验结果表明:基于BIM技术生成的虚拟点云数据集可有效拓展现实世界的数据规模;改进后的构件尺寸参数识别网络可以准确识别出构件尺寸,对训练样本的识别精度达到了毫米级,对真实构件的识别精度也达到了厘米级,可基本满足装配式结构的施工要求.Point cloud deep learning technology was used to automatically identify the dimensions of building components.Virtual point clouds were used to solve the problem of cumbersome work with 3D point cloud datasets.First,a method for creating a self-built point cloud dataset was proposed,which used building information modeling(BIM)tech-nology to parametrically model fabricated components.The data was then batch processed and converted to generate a noise-free,high-quality point cloud with annotations.Next,based on the PointNet network,an end-to-end component size parameter identification net-work,termed PointNet CE,was built.Finally,the virtual point cloud dataset was used for model training,and the effectiveness of the method was verified via engineering examples.The experimental results showed that the virtual point cloud dataset generated based on BIM technology could effectively expand the real world data.The improved component size parameter recognition network could accurately identify the component size,with a recognition accuracy at millimeter level on the training sample.This level of accuracy was suitable for real world use,with the recognition accuracy of the components reaching centimeter level,which satisfied the construction requirements of the fabricated structure.

关 键 词：建筑信息模型 装配式构件 点云 深度学习 虚拟数据集 

分 类 号：TU311[建筑科学—结构工程]