从古诗词看尺八传承的几个问题  

Several Issues Concerning the Inheritance of Chiba from the Perspective of Ancient Poetry

作　　者：邱森才 QIU Sen-cai(Chaozhou Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chaozhou,Guangdong,521000)

机构地区：[1]潮州市农业农村局,广东潮州521000

出　　处：《韩山师范学院学报》2023年第4期28-36,共9页Journal of Hanshan Normal University

摘　　要：近年日本的尺八及尺八音乐在世界各地传播,国内的尺八研究也很多。因为正史对尺八的记载较少,一些问题难以得到明确的理清。通过对古诗词的统计分析,“尺八”入诗词仅有34首,且有一个非常值得注意的现象,“尺八”并不都是单独出现,多与“箫”连在一起,做为箫的定语而出现。从时间上看,在唐之前的诗词歌赋中没有出现“尺八”,从中可以推断出尺八的出现时间节点为唐代,应在贞观七年以后;从流传地点上看,尺八自宋以后流传于吴地及周边;“尺八”一词,虽在唐代出现,但“尺八”名称在唐朝也并不流行,尺八“广泛应用于唐代宫廷乐舞、乐部及民间俗乐中”观点不成立;尺八作为一种小众乐器,在宋代以后在吴越继续流传下来,在泉州南音以南箫的名字静静地保留着,尺八在中国不可以认定为是已经消失的古乐器。In recent years,Japanese shakuhachi(an equivalent to the Chinese chiba) and shakuhachi music have spread around the world,and there have been many studies on chiba in China.Due to the limited records of chiba in the official history,some issues are difficult to be clearly sorted out.Through statistical analysis of ancient poetry,it is found that the term“chiba”has been included in only 34 poems,and there is a very noteworthy phenomenon that“chiba”is not always used alone,but is often associated with “xiao” as its attribute.From a chronological perspective,there was no mention of“chiba”in either poetry or music before the Tang Dynasty.Thus,it can be inferred that chiba originated from the Tang Dynasty after 633 AD during the Zhenguan Reign Period.From the perspective of transmission location,chiba has been passed down in the Wu region and its surrounding areas since the Song Dynasty.Although the term“chiba”emerged in the Tang Dynasty,its name was not popular in the Tang Dynasty,and the view that chiba was“widely used in court music and dance,bands and folk music in the Tang Dynasty”is not valid.Chiba,as a niche instrument,continued to be passed down in the Wuyue region after the Song Dynasty,and has been quietly preserved in nanyin,a musical performing art in Quanzhou,Fujian Province.Therefore,chiba cannot be recognized as a vanished ancient instrument in China.

关 键 词：尺八 诗词 民族乐器 传承 

分 类 号：J620.9[艺术—音乐]