不同滴灌量下马铃薯脱落酸产生及对气孔活动的调节作用  

Production of Abscisic Acid in Potatoes under Different Drip Irrigation Rates and its Regulatory Effect on Stomatal Activity

作　　者：金建新[1,2] 李株丹 桂林国 JIN Jian-xin;LI Zhu-dan;GUI Lin-guo(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Yinchuan China,Ningxia,750002;School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2023年第7期168-172,182,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2018AAC03280);宁夏农林科学院全产业链创新示范项目(YES-16-0103)。

摘　　要：为探索不同滴灌灌水量条件下马铃薯根系、叶片脱落酸ABA的生成和运输,以及ABA对气孔和蒸腾的调节作用,为马铃薯滴灌条件下生理节水提供依据。试验设置3000~6000 m^(3)/hm^(2)共5个梯度的滴灌灌水量处理,测定不同处理下马铃薯叶片微观生理和根、叶脱落酸含量。结果表明:马铃薯气孔导度、蒸腾强度、净光合速率均与灌水量正相关,且与灌水量表现为显著的线性关系,胞间CO_(2)浓度则相反。叶片脱落酸ABA在调节叶片气孔行为上具有一定的作用,但是其决定系数仅为0.72,说明还存在其他因素或内源激素,与脱落酸ABA共同调节叶片气孔行为。说明叶片脱落酸ABA在抑制马铃薯蒸腾方面具有直接作用,在土壤水分不足时,马铃薯通过机体自适应反馈体系产生内源激素ABA,降低叶片的蒸腾强度,减少了水分流失。The production and transportation of abscisic acid ABA in potato roots and leaves under different drip irrigation conditions were explored,as well as the regulation of stomata and transpiration by ABA,which provided a basis for physiological water saving under drip irrigation conditions.Five gradient irrigation treatments of 3000~6000 m^(3)/hm^(2) were set up to determine the microphysiology of potato leaves and the content of abscisic acid in root leaves under different treatments.The results showed that potato stomatal conductance,transpiration intensity,and net photosynthetic rate were positively correlated with irrigation volume,and showed a significant linear relationship with irrigation volume,while the intercellular CO_(2) concentration was the opposite.Leaf abscisic acid ABA plays a certain role in regulating leaf stomatal behavior,but its determination coefficient is only 0.72,indicating that there are other factors or endogenous hormones that can regulate leaf stomatal behavior together with abscisic acid ABA.It shows that leaf abscisic acid ABA plays a direct role in inhibiting potato transpiration.When soil moisture is insufficient,potato produces endogenous hormone ABA through the body's adaptive feedback system,which reduces leaf transpiration intensity and reduces water loss.

关 键 词：滴灌 马铃薯 生理活动 脱落酸 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程] S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]