孤独症谱系障碍儿童大脑微结构异常扩散峰度成像研究  

Brain microstructural abnormalities in children with autism spectrum disorder:a diffusion kurtosis imaging study

作　　者：李双宇 赵鑫[1] 宣德胜 王甘雨 尚红磊 邢庆娜[1] 廖俊杰 崔书红 张小安[1] LI Shuangyu;ZHAO Xin;XUAN Desheng;WANG Ganyu;SHANG Honglei;XING Qingna;LIAO Junjie;CUI Shuhong;ZHANG Xiao’an(Department of Radiology,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Center of Children Psychology and Behavior,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第三附属医院放射科,河南郑州450000 [2]郑州大学第三附属医院儿童心理行为中心,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《实用放射学杂志》2023年第6期987-991,1038,共6页Journal of Practical Radiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81870983);河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(222102310596)。

摘　　要：目的通过扩散峰度成像(DKI)评估孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童大脑微结构异常及其在儿童ASD中的应用价值。方法纳入28例ASD儿童(ASD组)及18例健康儿童(对照组)。所有受试者均使用3.0T MR进行颅脑常规MRI及DKI扫描,DKI数据经过后处理得到定量参数图。比较ASD组与对照组DKI定量参数的差异,并分析ASD组显著改变的大脑区域的DKI参数与发育商(DQ)的相关性。结果与对照组相比,ASD组左侧额叶白质、胼胝体膝部、左侧尾状核头、右侧壳核、左侧丘脑各向异性分数(FA)值均升高(P<0.05),ASD组双侧额叶白质、双侧顶叶白质平均扩散率(MD)值均降低(P<0.05),ASD组右侧额叶白质、左侧苍白球轴向峰度(AK)值均升高(P<0.05),ASD组左侧苍白球平均峰度(MK)值升高(P<0.05),ASD组各感兴趣区(ROI)径向峰度(RK)值未见明显差异(P>0.05)。ASD组右侧顶叶白质MD值与DQ的适应性行为(DQ1)呈负相关(r=-0.379,P<0.05),左侧苍白球MK值与DQ的精细动作(DQ3)呈负相关(r=-0.408,P<0.05)。结论ASD儿童大脑部分脑区DKI定量参数异常,提示ASD儿童大脑存在广泛微结构改变,DKI在评估ASD儿童大脑微结构异常方面具有一定价值。Objective To evaluate the microstructural abnormalities in the brain of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)by diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI),and to explore its application value in children with ASD.Methods Twenty-eight children with ASD(ASD group)and 18 healthy children(control group)were included.All children were scanned with routine MRI sequence and DKI sequence on 3.0T MR,and DKI data were post-processed to obtain quantitative parameter maps.The differences in quantitative DKI parameters between the ASD and control groups was compared and the correlation between DKI parameters and developmental quotient(DQ)in brain regions significantly altered in the ASD group was analyzed.Results Compared with the control group,the fractional anisotropy(FA)values of left frontal white matter,genu of corpus callosum,left head of caudate nucleus,right putamen and left thalamus were increased in ASD group(P<0.05),the mean diffusivity(MD)values of bilateral frontal and parietal white matter were decreased in ASD group(P<0.05),the axial kurtosis(AK)values of right frontal white matter and left globus pallidus were increased in ASD group(P<0.05),the mean kurtosis(MK)value of left globus pallidus in ASD group were increased(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in the radial kurtosis(RK)values of each region of interest(ROI)in ASD group(P>0.05).The MD value of the right parietal white matter was negatively correlated with the DQ1(r=-0.379,P<0.05),and the MK value of the left globus pallidus was negatively correlated with the DQ3(r=-0.408,P<0.05).Conclusion The abnormal quantitative parameters of DKI in some brain regions of children with ASD suggest that there are extensive microstructural changes in the brain of children with ASD.DKI is valuable in evaluating the microstructural abnormalities of the brain of children with ASD.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 儿童 扩散峰度成像 发育商 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R445.2[医药卫生—临床医学] R322.81