浙江乌岩岭国家级自然保护区黄腹角雉适宜栖息地利用率研究  

Study on the suitable habitat utilization rate of Tragopan caboti in Wuyanling National Nature Reserve of Zhejiang Province

作　　者：翁国杭 郑方东 林瑞峰 林莉斯 赖家厚 赵凯 张庆朝 张立华 林雪艳 Weng Guohang;Zheng Fangdong;Lin Ruifeng;Lin Lisi;Lai Jiahou;Zhao Kai;Zhang Qingchao;Zhang Lihua;Lin Xueyan(The Management Center of Wuyanling National Nature Reserve of Zhejiang,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325500,China;College of Life Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Taishun Forestry Bureau of Zhejiang,Wenzhou Zhejiang 325500,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江乌岩岭国家级自然保护区管理中心,浙江温州325500 [2]北京师范大学生命科学学院,北京100875 [3]浙江省泰顺县林业局,浙江温州325500

出　　处：《南方林业科学》2023年第3期70-74,共5页South China Forestry Science

基　　金：中央林业生态保护恢复资金项目(财农〔2019〕24号)。

摘　　要：黄腹角雉是中国特产珍稀濒危雉类,国家一级重点保护野生动物,主要分布在中国东南部。黄腹角雉栖息地为常绿阔叶林与针阔混交林,栖息地丧失及片段化是其主要致危因素。本文基于浙江乌岩岭国家级自然保护区1994年和2020年两次森林资源调查数据及相近时期黄腹角雉种群调查数据,研究了黄腹角雉适宜栖息地利用率的动态变化情况。结果表明,1994年该保护区常绿阔叶林与针阔混交林的适宜栖息地面积为51.68 km^(2),黄腹角雉种群分布面积为6.09 km^(2),该时期黄腹角雉对适宜栖息地的利用率为11.78%;2020年该保护区常绿阔叶林与针阔混交林的适宜栖息地面积为108.59 km^(2),黄腹角雉分布面积为55.3 km^(2),该时期黄腹角雉对适宜栖息地的利用率为50.93%。两个时期相比较,适宜栖息地面积增长了56.91 km^(2),净增率为110.12%;黄腹角雉实际利用的栖息地面积增长了49.21 km^(2),净增率为808.05%;适宜栖息地利用率增长了39.15%,净增率为332.34%。这说明经过长期努力,保护区内黄腹角雉栖息地面积得到了较大扩展,适宜栖息地利用率大幅度提高。人为干扰活动的减少及栖息地片段化状况的改变是适宜栖息地利用率提高的主要原因。Tragopan caboti is a rare and endangered pheasant in China,the national first-class key protected wildlife,mainly distributed in southeast China.The habitat of T.caboti is evergreen broad-leaved forest and coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest,and habitat loss and fragmentation are the main risk factors.Based on the forest resources survey data in 1994 and 2020,and T.caboti population survey data in a similar period in Wuyanling National Nature Reserve,Zhejiang Province,this paper studied the dynamic change of suitable habitat utilization rate of T.caboti.The results show that in 1994,the suitable habitat area of evergreen broad-leaved forest and coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest in the Reserve was 51.68 km^(2),the distribution area of T.caboti was 6.09 km^(2),and the utilization rate of suitable habitat was 11.78%.In 2020,the suitable habitat area of evergreen broad-leaved forest and coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest in the Reserve was 108.59 km^(2),the distribution area of T.caboti was 55.3 km^(2),and the utilization rate of suitable habitat was 50.93%.Compared with the two periods,the area of suitable habitat increased by 56.91 km^(2),with the net increase rate of 110.12%;The actual habitat area utilized by T.caboti increased by 49.21 km^(2),with a net increase rate of 808.05%;the suitable habitat utilization rate increased by 39.15%,with a net increase rate of 332.34%.This shows that after long-term efforts,the habitat area of T.caboti has been greatly expanded,and the utilization rate of the suitable habitat has been greatly improved.The reduction of human disturbance activities and the change of habitat fragmentation are the main reasons for the improvement of suitable habitat utilization rate.

关 键 词：栖息地片段化 生态修复 适宜栖息地利用率 恢复生态学 黄腹角雉 

分 类 号：Q959.725[生物学—动物学] S865.34[农业科学—野生动物驯养]