不同杀青方式对伴矿景天秸秆干化的影响研究  

Sedum plumbizincicola Straw Drying with Different De-Enzyme Methods

作　　者：刘书洪 陈锦 蒋慧丹[3] 胡志鑫 贺爱国 戴艳娇 LIU Shuhong;CHEN Jin;JIANG Huidan;HU Zhixin;HE Aiguo;DAI Yanjiao(Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125;Hunan Airbluer Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410711;Changsha Technology Innovation Center for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil,Changsha 410125)

机构地区：[1]湖南艾布鲁环保科技股份有限公司,长沙410711 [2]长沙市重金属污染土壤植物修复技术创新中心,长沙410125 [3]湖南省农业科学院,长沙410125

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第18期61-66,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：长沙市自然科学基金项目“根际微生物对伴矿景天镉积累的影响研究”(kq2202349);国家十四五重点研发计划专项部省联动项目“产地重金属污染的区域过程、智能防控原理与实用技术模式”(2022YFD1700103、2022YFD1700104);湖南省农业科技创新资金项目“镉污染农田超富集植物-微生物联合修复技术研究”(2020CX03-9)。

摘　　要：为探究伴矿景天秸秆快速干化的方法,通过翻炒杀青、蒸汽杀青、微波杀青和直接阴干4种秸秆处理方式,对离田伴矿景天秸秆的失水速率、失水比例、失水量、含水率及镉(Cd)含量进行分析。结果表明,与直接阴干的秸秆相比,经杀青的秸秆失水速率、失水比例、失水量均较高,最终含水率较低。杀青结束后阴干初期,经翻炒杀青的秸秆失水速率、失水比例、失水量显著高于蒸汽杀青和微波杀青;阴干过程中,经翻炒杀青的秸秆含水率降至70%以下耗时最短仅需120 h,而经蒸汽杀青和微波杀青的秸秆含水率降至70%以下分别需180 h和216 h;阴干结束时,经蒸汽杀青和翻炒杀青的秸秆失水量最多,分别为459.40 g和459.80 g,并且不同杀青方式不会对秸秆Cd萃取总量造成显著影响。对伴矿景天离田秸秆进行杀青处理可以缩短干化周期且不会对秸秆Cd萃取总量造成显著影响;其中翻炒杀青可加速水分逸散,缩短含水率降至70%以下所耗时长,更符合转运、焚烧或其他后端处置措施的要求,该研究为超积累植物工程修复应用的产后处置技术提供了新思路和技术验证。In order to screen efficient de-enzyme methods during dewatering process of Sedum plumbizincicola straw after harvesting,we investigated the dewatering of Sedum plumbizincicola straw with de-enzyme treatments of stir-fried,steam and microwave and directly dried in shadow.In this experiment,the differences of water-loss rate,water-loss ratio,moisture content and cadmium content of Sedum plumbizincicola straw with different treatments were analyzed.The results showed that the water-loss rate and water-loss ratio of the straw with de-enzyme process were higher than those of the straw directly dried in shadow,and the straw with deenzyme process had lower moisture content at the end of treatment.At the beginning of drying in shadow after de-enzyme treatments,the water-loss rate,water-loss ratio and water-loss amount of the straw with stir-fried were significantly higher than those with steam and microwave de-enzyme treatments.During the drying process,it took the shortest time for the moisture content of the straw dropping below 70%with stir-fried deenzyme treatment,which was only 120 h,while it took 180 h and 216 h for the moisture content of the straw dropping below 70%with steam and microwave de-enzyme respectively.At the end of drying in shadow,the straw with stir-fried and steam de-enzyme treatments had the most water-loss amount,459.40 g and 459.80 g,respectively.And different de-enzyme treatments had no significant impact on the Cd content of straw.Deenzyme treatment can increase the drying rate of Sedum plumbizincicola straw after harvesting and will not have a significant impact on the Cd content of the straw.Stir-fried de-enzyme treatment can accelerate water dissipation and shorten the time for reducing the moisture content below 70%.The straw after stir-fried deenzyme treatment is more in line with the requirements of transshipment,incineration or other disposal methods.This study provides a new idea and technical verification for the development of post-production disposal technology of hyperaccumulator e

关 键 词：伴矿景天 杀青 阴干 失水 镉(Cd)污染 

分 类 号：S19[农业科学—农业基础科学] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]