超级稻及其再生稻镉累积特性及安全风险分析  

Cadmium Accumulation and Food Safety of First Crop and Ratoon Rice

作　　者：时鹏涛 蒋越华 林鹰 李鸿 吴凤 王运儒 张莉娟 蓝唯 秦玉燕 SHI Pengtao;JIANG Yuehua;LIN Ying;LI Hong;WU Feng;WANG Yunru;ZHANG Lijuan;LAN Wei;QIN Yuyan(Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agricultural Product(Nanning),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院广西亚热带作物研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(南宁)/农业农村部亚热带果品蔬菜质量安全控制重点实验室,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第4期468-474,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西青年科学基金项目(2020GXNSFBA297084)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究超级稻湘两优900及其再生稻镉累积特性,探明再生稻镉安全风险。【方法】以超级稻湘两优900为研究对象,在温室大棚中进行镉(Cd)添加试验,设置0(CK)、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.2和1.5 mg·kg^(-1)等6个镉质量浓度处理,研究头季和再生稻根、茎、叶、稻米中Cd含量和累积规律,并进行安全风险评价。【结果】头季和再生稻各器官Cd含量随镉浓度的增加而增加,各器官Cd含量依次为:根>叶>茎>稻米;相同处理下,再生稻各器官Cd含量均低于头季。头季根系Cd含量为0.231 7~0.958 1 mg·kg^(-1),再生稻为0.212 8~0.780 2 mg·kg^(-1),较头季低5.1%~20.5%,平均降幅15.2%;头季稻茎Cd含量为0.021 2~0.084 6mg·kg^(-1),再生稻为0.018 9~0.062 1mg·kg^(-1),较头季稻Cd含量降低10.8%~42.6%,平均降幅29.7%;头季稻叶片Cd含量为0.027 3~0.115 7 mg·kg^(-1),再生稻叶片Cd含量为0.024 5~0.068 9 mg·kg^(-1),较头季降低10.3%~65.6%,平均降幅45.5%;头季稻米Cd含量为0.017 2~0.051 6 mg·kg^(-1),再生稻米Cd含量为0.015 0~0.031 2 mg·kg^(-1),较头季稻米Cd含量降低12.8%~53.1%,平均降低幅度33.2%,除CK外,相同Cd浓度下,头季与再生稻稻米镉含量差异显著(P<0.05)。Cd在水稻各器官中富集能力大小依次为:根>叶>茎>稻米。再生稻各器官风险系数均小于1。【结论】再生稻各器官中Cd含量均低于头季稻,头季留桩保留的具有生物活性的根、茎没有对再生稻产生镉迁移风险,以超级稻湘两优900进行再生稻生产时,再生稻镉安全风险低于头季,是一种较常规双季种植更为安全的水稻生产方式。【Objective】 Accumulation and food safety of cadmium in first crop and ratoon rice were studied.【Method】 In a greenhouse experiment,plants of Xiangliangyou 900,touted as the “Super Rice”,were grown in pots with artificially added Cd in the soil at a rate of 0(CK),0.2,0.4,0.8,1.2,or 1.5 mg·kg^(-1).Cd contents in the roots,stems,leaves,and grains of the first and ratoon crops of the rice were determined,cumulation pattern analyzed,and risk of safety for consumption assessed.【Result】 Cd in various organs of the rice plants of both first and ratoon crops increased with increasing Cd in soil in the order of rootsleavesstemsgrains.In the ratoon season,the plants contained less Cd than in the first season.The roots of the first crop plants contained Cd in the range of 0.2317–0.9581 mg·kg^(-1),which was 5.1%–20.5% and averaging 15.2% higher than the ratoon counterparts of 0.2128–0.7802 mg·kg^(-1).The stems of the first crop plants had Cd in the range of 0.0212–0.0846 mg·kg^(-1),which was 10.8%–42.6% and averaging 29.7% higher than the ratoon counterparts of 0.0189–0.0621 mg·kg^(-1).In the leaves,the first crop plants showed Cd in the range of 0.0273–0.1157 mg·kg^(-1),which was 10.3%–65.6% averaging 45.5% higher than the ratoon plants of 0.0245–0.0689 mg·kg^(-1).And in the grains,the Cd content of the first crop rice was in the range of 0.0172–0.0516 mg·kg^(-1),which was 12.8%–53.1% averaging 33.2% higher than 0.0150–0.0312 mg·kg^(-1) of the ratoon plants.Other than CK,at a same level of Cd in the pot soil,significant differences on Cd contents between the two different crops of same rice plants were observed(P0.05).The capacity of accumulating Cd ranked by different organs was rootsleavesstemsgrains.The heavy metal risk coefficients for individual organs of the ratoon rice were all less than 1.【Conclusion】 Cd in various organs were less in the ratoon than the first crop rice.After harvest of first crop,the regenerated roots and stems on a ratoon rice plant did not inher

关 键 词：再生稻 超级稻 镉累积量 风险评估 镉污染 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]