土地革命战争时期陕甘边乡村的农民心态——以“打土豪、分田地”为中心  

Peasants' Mentality in Shanxi-Gansu Border Villages during the Agrarian Revolutionary War——Centered on "expropriating the local tyrants and dividing the land"

作　　者：赵法发 孙福 ZHAO Fa-fa;SUN Fu(School of Marxism,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;Gansu Yongchang No.7 Middle School,Yongchang 737200,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院,天津300350 [2]永昌县第七中学,甘肃永昌737200

出　　处：《贵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期27-33,共7页Journal of Guiyang University:Social Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省社科规划项目2018年度课题“闹红:共产党与陕甘边乡村研究(1921-1935)”(项目编号:YB107)。

摘　　要：土地革命战争时期,陕甘边区农民由于受传统思想观念的束缚和对新政权的陌生,面对中共“打土豪、分田地”的革命政策,往往胆怯害怕、顾虑重重,不敢立即响应,进而严重影响了土地革命的进程。面对这种困境,中共采取了积极而有效的措施,一是向广大农民宣传、解释中共、红军及苏维埃政权的性质和目的;二是严肃革命纪律,树立红军的革命威望;三是宣传土地革命政策,使农民彻底明白革命道理。这些措施打破了农民头脑中传统思想观念的束缚和限制,解除了“落后意识”“糊涂思想”的紧箍咒,使农民明白了革命道理。在此基础上,农民的害怕心理逐渐消退,阶级观念和革命意识日渐增强,由以往的不敢要的害怕心态转变为敢于分配的斗争心态。During the Agrarian Revolutionary War,the peasants in Shaanxi-Gansu border area,bound by traditional ideology and unfamiliar with the new government,were often too afraid and fearful to respond immediately to the Communist Party of China's(CPC) revolutionary policy of "expropriating the local tyrants and dividing the land," which seriously affected the progress of the Agrarian Revolution.In the face of this problem,the CPC took various active and effective measures,including:firstly,to publicize and explain to the peasants the nature and purpose of the CPC,the Red Army and the Soviet government;secondly,to establish the revolutionary image of the Red Army with serious revolutionary disciplines;and thirdly,to disseminate the agrarian revolutionary policy so that the peasants would thoroughly understand the revolutionary principles.Through these measures,the traditional ideological constraints and restrictions in the peasants' minds were shattered to relieve their "backward consciousness" and "wrong thinking",so that the peasants began to understand the revolutionary principles.On this basis,with their fear gradually receding and their class concept and revolutionary consciousness increasing,the peasants' mentality also shifted from previous fear in taking what was entitled to them to courage in demanding it.

关 键 词：陕甘边 土地革命 农民心态 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学]