质量信息不对称下零售商基于区块链技术的信息揭示策略  

Retailer′s information acquisition strategy based on blockchain technology under quality information asymmetry

作　　者：王君 张倩 侯棚文 WANG Jun;ZHANG Qian;HOU Penwen(School of Management Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Finance and Economics,Tianjin 300222,China;Coordinated Innovation Center for Computable Modeling in Management Science,Tianjin University of Finance and Economics,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学管理科学与工程学院,天津300222 [2]天津财经大学管理可计算建模协同创新中心,天津300222

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2023年第4期153-164,共12页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72102163)。

摘　　要：质量信息不对称在供应链中普遍存在并影响着上下游企业的决策。现有文献大多侧重于研究上游企业通过价格等信号机制传递其质量信息,然而下游企业仅凭借价格信号并不总是能够高效且准确地获取信息。在此基础上,本文提出下游企业可利用区块链技术来实现质量信息透明,同时区块链的使用可以为具有溯源意识的消费者带来额外的效用。但是,区块链的部署和使用需要一定的成本。鉴于此,本文考虑当供应商拥有私有质量信息时,零售商是否有动机采取区块链技术。研究发现:当零售商不采取区块链时,供应商总是有动机利用价格信号实现分离均衡,但在某些条件下需要付出信号成本。当区块链给消费者带来的溯源效用相对于其单位使用成本较高时,零售商愿意采取区块链。此时,区块链不仅实现了质量信息共享以缓解双重边际效应,还可带来额外的效用刺激需求以提升消费者剩余。Asymmetric quality information between upstream and downstream enterprises in a supply chain is common.In particular,suppliers′deceptive practices(i.e.,shoddy goods)not only affect the decisions of downstream enterprises but also damage the interests of consumers.Based on asymmetric quality information,the upstream enterprises with high quality tend to transmit their quality information through price signaling to separate from the low-quality enterprises,whereas the downstream enterprises cannot always efficiently and accurately obtain information from price signals.In recent years,blockchain technology,as a decentralized,highly transparent and immutable technology,has provided a new solution for downstream enterprises to access authentic quality information.Specifically,once quality information is recorded on the blockchain,this authentic information is available to all participants,including supply chain enterprises and consumers,and cannot be modified.This makes quality information completely transparent in the supply chain and ensures that upstream enterprises with low quality cannot disguise themselves as those with high quality.Furthermore,as consumer awareness of traceability is increasing,blockchain technology can also bring traceability utility to consumers.However,it is also accompanied by high deployment and use costs.Therefore,how to weigh the costs and the information value brought by the blockchain has become a key issue in blockchain application.Based on the above background,this paper constructs a supply chain consisting of a retailer and a supplier with private quality information.Among them,the retailer decides whether to adopt blockchain.Accordingly,without blockchain,the supplier transmits quality information through price signaling;with blockchain,its high transparency ensures that quality information is shared with each node of the supply chain,thereby eliminating the quality information asymmetry.Thus,this paper adopts the methods of the signaling game and the Stackelberg game and studies

关 键 词：供应链管理 质量信息不对称 信号博弈 区块链 信息共享 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]