妨害传染病防治罪司法实务的观察与思考  

DOI:10.12026/j.issn.1001-8565.2023.07.13 Observation and Reflection on the Judicial Practice of the Crime of Impairing the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases

作　　者：乔娟[1] 胡晓翔[2,3] QIAO Juan;HU Xiaoxiang(Law School,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,Nanjing 210008,China;School of Health Policy and Management,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院,四川成都610065 [2]南京市鼓楼医院妇产科,江苏南京210008 [3]南京医科大学医政学院,江苏南京211166

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2023年第7期787-793,共7页Chinese Medical Ethics

摘　　要：妨害传染病防治罪在2020年初暴发的新冠疫情中被“激活”,但修订前的《中华人民共和国刑法》相关罪名所涉传染病范围仅限于甲类传染病,用于新冠肺炎等传染病,扩大了适用范围;修订后的《刑法》将该罪所涉传染病范围从甲类“扩容”至乙类按甲类控制的传染病,为相关案件提供了法律依据,可新法条的表述同义反复且有歧义;犯罪主体是否导致他人感染与该罪量刑幅度密切相关,然而当下在技术层面尚无法给出排他性的传染实害的因果关系结论。综上,应矫正刑法修订前不当扩大适用范围的案件;修改新法条表述的欠妥之处,同时清理相关规范性文件;阐明相关案件因果关系中不可认定部分并在量刑环节予以考量。The crime of impairing the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases was activated in the COVID-19 epidemic that broke out in early 2020.However,the scope of infectious diseases involved in the relevant crimes of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China before the revision was only limited to Category A infectious diseases,and the scope of application should be expanded when used for infectious diseases such as COVID-19.The revised Criminal Law expands the scope of infectious diseases involved in the crime from Category A to Category B controlled according to Category A,providing a legal basis for related cases,while the expressions in the new laws are repeated and ambiguous.Whether the criminal subject causes others to be infected is closely related to the sentencing of the crime,but it is still impossible to draw an exclusive conclusion on the causality leading to infection at the technical level.In summary,this paper proposed to correct the cases of inappropriate expansion of the application scope before the amendment of the Criminal Law,revise the improper expression of the new laws while cleaning up the relevant normative documents,clarify the unidentifiable part in the causal relationship of relevant cases and consider it in sentencing process.

关 键 词：妨害传染病防治罪 适用范围 因果关系 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]