石油污染胁迫下土壤潜在降污固碳微生物互作关系研究  

Potential Pollution-Reducing and Carbon-Fixing Microorganisms in Soils under Oil Pollution Stress Interaction Relationship Study

作　　者：宋佳宇 李昀照 李兴春 李丹丹 王庆宏[1] 史权[1] 陈春茂[1] SONG Jiayu;LI Yunzhao;LI Xingchun;LI Dandan;WANG Qinghong;SHI Quan;CHEN Chunmao(College of Chemical Engineering and Environment,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,National Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Research,Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control,Beijing 102249,China;CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environment Technology,State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)化学工程与环境学院,重质油全国重点实验室,油气污染防治北京市重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2023年第7期1392-1403,共12页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(No.2021DQ03-A4);中国石油科技创新基金项目(No.2023DQ02-0506)。

摘　　要：为探究石油污染土壤潜在降污固碳微生物关键类群及其互作响应关系,采集华北某油田开发井场表层(0~20 cm)土壤,利用荧光定量PCR及高通量测序技术开展石油污染土壤潜在降污固碳微生物群落结构及代谢功能研究.结果表明:①石油污染胁迫下土壤微生物优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota).②相关性网络分析表明,类诺卡氏菌属(Nocardioides)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)及鞘脂单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)是石油污染土壤降污固碳关键属.同时,假单胞菌属与链霉菌属(r=−0.818,p=0.001)、类诺卡氏菌属(r=−0.811,p=0.001)以竞争关系共存;鞘脂单胞菌属与链霉菌属(r=0.895,p<0.001)、类诺卡氏菌属(r=0.916,p<0.001)以互利共生关系共存,链霉菌属与类诺卡氏菌属(r=0.895,p<0.001)以互利共生关系共存.③Spearman相关性分析表明,烷烃降解功能基因alkB丰度与固碳功能基因cbbL(r=0.846,p=0.001)、aclB(r=0.825,p=0.001)、fhs(r=0.853,p<0.001)丰度均呈极显著正相关;芳烃降解功能基因PAH-RHDαGP丰度与固碳功能基因cbbL丰度(r=0.825,p=0.001)呈极显著正相关,与fhs(r=0.706,p=0.010)、aclB(r=0.650,p=0.022)的丰度均呈显著正相关.④KEGG数据库功能注释结果表明,石油污染土壤中同时存在石油烃降解和固碳代谢通路,且固碳代谢通路相对丰度显著高于石油烃降解代谢通路.研究显示,石油污染土壤中存在潜在降污固碳微生物且多为互利共生关系,石油污染胁迫下土壤微生物群落降污固碳作用可能存在协同关系.In order to investigate the key groups of potential pollution-degradation and carbon-fixing microorganisms in oil-contaminated soil and their interaction and response relationships,the surface soil(0-20 cm)of an oilfield development site in North China was collected,and microbial community and metabolic functions of the potential pollution-degradation and carbon-fixing microorganisms in oil-contaminated soil were studied using fluorescence quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing techniques.The results showed that:(1)The dominant phyla of soil microbes under oil pollution stress were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Chloroflexi,Firmicutes,Acidobacteriota,and Bacteroidota.(2)The correlative network analysis showed that Nocardioides,Streptomyces,Pseudomonas,Sphingomonas were the key genera of pollution-degradation and carbon-fixing microorganisms in petroleum-contaminated soil.Meanwhile,Pseudomonas coexisted with Streptomyces(r=−0.818,p=0.001)and Nocardioides(r=−0.811,p=0.001)in a competitive relationship.Sphingomonas coexisted with Streptomyces(r=0.895,p<0.001)and Nocardioides(r=0.916,p<0.001)in a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship,and Streptomyces coexisted with Nocardioides(r=0.895,p<0.001)in a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship.(3)Spearman correlation analysis showed that the abundance of alkane degradation functional gene alkB was highly significantly positive correlated with the abundance of carbon-fixing functional genes cbbL(r=0.846,p=0.001),aclB(r=0.825,p=0.001),fhs(r=0.853,p<0.001).The abundance of aromatic degradation functional gene PAH-RHDαGP was highly significantly positive correlated with the abundance of carbon-fixing function gene cbbL(r=0.825,p=0.001),and significantly positive correlated with the abundance of fhs(r=0.706,p=0.010)and aclB(r=0.650,p=0.022).(4)The functional annotation results of KEGG database showed that both petroleum-hydrocarbon degradation and carbon fixation metabolic pathways existed in oil-contaminated soil,and the relative abundance of the carbon

关 键 词：石油污染胁迫 土壤潜在降污固碳微生物 相关性网络 功能基因注释 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]