小样本社会工作干预研究——对一项流动儿童生命意义感提升项目的分析  

How to Conduct the Research on Social Work Intervention of Small Sample

作　　者：吴帆[1] 晏浩 Wu Fan;Yan Hao

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院 [2]南开大学—香港中文大学社会政策联合研究中心

出　　处：《青年研究》2023年第3期82-93,96,共13页Youth Studies

摘　　要：虽然小样本存在统计分析困境、数据缺失、外部有效性低等问题,但其对个体化和差异性显著的研究具有独特优势。基于一项流动儿童生命意义感提升干预项目的分析显示,当增加样本量不可行或不可能时,可通过研究策略的调整来最大化小样本干预的统计功效。通过逻辑依次递进的“平衡设计—ABA—回归点置换”三阶段研究设计以及自助法扩充数据信息、经典测试理论提升测试精确度、访谈获取潜在信息三个分析策略,小样本干预也取得良好的干预效果。关注小样本条件下的研究策略,发展可应用于小样本的科学研究设计和严谨分析方法,具有广泛的意义。Regarding small sample,there are several problems,including the dilemma of statistical analysis,data missing and low external validity,etc.However,regarding the research on individualization and significant differences,the small sample has its unique advantages,which has been widely used in the field of social work.According to the analysis of an intervention project to improve floating children's meaning in life,when increasing sample size is not feasible nor impossible,we could maximize statistical power of small sample intervention by adjusting research strategies.Concretely speaking,the small sample intervention could also produce strong effect,which is based on logically progressive three-stage design of“balanced design-ABA-regression point displacement”and three strategies of analysis method,namely the bootstrap method to expand data information,the classical test theory to enhance test accuracy,the interview to obtain potential information.Hence,it is of great significance to focus on how to select research strategies under the condition of small sample,develop scientific research design which could be applied to small sample and rigorous analysis methods.

关 键 词：干预研究 小样本干预 社会工作干预 流动儿童 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]