欧美数字种族主义的演变、机制与根源  

Evolution,Mechanism and Root Causes of Digital Racism in Europe and North America

作　　者：王伟 Wang Wei

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院 [2]中央民族大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究院,北京市100081

出　　处：《民族研究》2023年第2期29-44,M0002,M0003,共18页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金铸牢中华民族共同体意识专项课题“世界各主要国家解决民族问题的理论政策和经验研究”(项目编号:21VMZ012)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：欧美数字种族主义沿袭了用“科学”证实种族不平等的历史传统,是白人至上种族主义在网络社会中的投射,其目标是利用互联网数字技术宣传种族主义思想,招募新成员和创造一种跨国种族群体认同,进而构建数字白人至上共同体。数字种族主义先后经历了网页、论坛、网络社区、社交平台等发展阶段,主要用幽默(笑话、双关语和漫画)、网络游戏等媒介来传播种族主义,以社会竞争和社会创造力策略来标榜白人至上,通过固化种族间的界线来标榜群体间的冲突,将种族主义重新定义为白人受到压迫后的自然反应,以及用数字算法技术来制造算法种族主义。白人至上种族主义的广泛存在,自由主义的意识形态,互联网公司资本利益最大化的运营,互联网和数字平台的匿名性,以及网络活动管理存在的规则不明确、内容审核责任链不透明以及规则被任意执行等因素,助力了欧美数字种族主义的发展。数字种族主义的广泛存在和发展将进一步加剧欧美非白人群体的种族主义遭遇。Digital racism in Europe and North America follows the historical tradition of using"science"to prove racial inequality.It is a projection of white supremacy racism in the online society.Its goal is to use the Internet and digital technology to advertise racist ideas,recruit new members and create a transnational racial group identity,and then build a digital white supremacist community.Digital racism has successively passed through the development stages from web pages to forums to online communities and to social platforms.It mainly uses online games and other media in the form of humor(jokes,puns,and comics)to spread racism,to tout white supremacy with social competition and social creative strategies,and to flaunt ethnic conflicts by solidifying the boundaries between races.It redefines racism as the natural reaction of white people to oppression.Digital algorithm technology is applied to create algorithmic racism.The following elements have helped digital racism develop in Europe and North America:the widespread existence of white supremacy racism,liberal ideology,the operation of maximizing the capital interests of Internet companies,the anonymity of the Internet and digital platforms,as well as the unclear rules in the management of network activities,the opaque content review responsibility chain,and the arbitrary enforcement of rules.The widespread existence and development of digital racism will further exacerbate the racist experience of non-white groups in Europe and North America.

关 键 词：数据 网络 资本种族主义 算法种族主义 

分 类 号：D066[政治法律—政治学]