中山市青少年特发性脊柱侧凸状况和相关因素  

Prevalence and factors influencing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Zhongshan City

作　　者：黄思哲 李锋华 杨军林 唐卫明[5] 黄紫房 高亿豪 程梦圆 HUANG Sizhe;LI Fenghua;YANG Junlin;TANG Weiming;HUANG Zifang;GAO Yihao;CHENG Mengyuan(Zhongshan Municipal Primary and Secondary School Health Care Center,Zhongshan(528400),Guangdong Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市中小学卫生保健所,528400 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院脊柱中心 [3]中山大学附属第三医院脊柱外科 [4]广东省新苗脊柱侧弯预防中心 [5]北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校中国项目办

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第6期925-929,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：中山市卫生健康局医学科研项目(2019J441);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82072519);国家自然科学基金海外及港澳学者合作研究基金(81828007)。

摘　　要：目的 探索青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)的影响因素,为其有效防治提供科学依据。方法 对2019年4月至2020年3月参加中山市中小学生脊柱侧凸筛查项目的6 757名10~16岁学生进行问卷调查。筛查采用目视检查,Adams前屈试验下进行躯干旋转角度测量法,问卷调查收集学生个人及家庭基本情况、脊柱侧凸家族史、日常姿势习惯、背包习惯、视力情况、健康情况、学校环境、运动情况等相关信息。采用χ2检验和Logistic回归分析AIS的相关因素。结果 AIS的阳性筛查率为2.0%(135名)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女生、无AIS家族史学生、站立腰部前倾、习惯左侧倾斜坐姿、家庭月收入>10 000元与青少年AIS的发生有关(OR值分别为3.01,0.38,2.29,1.74,0.44,P值均<0.05)。结论 中山市10~16岁女生以及有脊柱侧凸家族史学生的脊柱侧凸患病风险较高,是筛查的重点人群。培养正确站姿、坐姿习惯有助于降低青少年AIS发生的风险。Objective To investigate factors influencing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS),and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and treatment programs.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 6757 students who participated in the scoliosis screening program for primary and middle school students in Zhongshan City,China from April 2019 to March 2020.Visual examination and Adams flexion test were used to measure the rotation angle of trunk.For each student,individual and family demographics,family history of scoliosis,daily postural habits,school-bag carrying habits,vision,health,school environment,and physical activity were collected by questionnaire.Factors influencing AIS were analyzed using Chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression.Results The positive screening rate for AIS was 2.0%(135 cases).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender,no family history of AIS,standing with lumbar spine tilted forward,habit of leaning to the left when seated,and a monthly family income of>10000 yuan were related to the occurrence of AIS in adolescents(OR=3.01,0.38,2.29,1.74,0.44,P<0.05).Conclusion Female students aged 10-16 years with a family history of scoliosis in Zhongshan are identified as a high-risk group for scoliosis screening.Developing proper standing and sitting habits helps to reduce the risk of AIS in adolescents.

关 键 词：脊柱侧凸 患病率 回归分析 青少年 

分 类 号：R726.8[医药卫生—儿科] R179[医药卫生—临床医学] R193