“N来了”中“N”的语法形式、指称义及其影响因素  

The Grammatical Form,Referential Meanings and its Influencing Factors of"N"in the Construction"N Lai le"

作　　者：张文庭 李劲荣[1] ZHANG Wen-ting;Li Jin-rong(Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学对外汉语学院,上海200234

出　　处：《汉语学习》2023年第3期20-30,共11页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“现代汉语形义错配构式的接口机制研究”(项目编号:18BYY182);上海师范大学一流研究生教育项目“现代汉语名词的指称范畴研究”(项目编号:AC9103-21-368012015)的资助。

摘　　要：文章以构式“N来了”为考察对象,分析其中“N”的语法形式、指称义及其影响因素。总体来看,“N”具有强烈的定指倾向性,且不可由典型不定指的光杆名词(短语)充当。在“N来了”中不同语义类别和形式类别的“N”,其定指度并不一致,呈现为高低不同的连续统。除了“N”的语义特征外,获得“可辨识性”的途径、句子的叙实性等都会对“N”的指称义产生不同程度的影响。此外,语用因素预设也会对相近构式中“N”的指称义产生影响。This article takes the construction"N Lai le"as the object of investigation,analyzes the grammatical form,referential properties and its influencing factors of"N"On the whole,"N"has a strong tendency to be definite,and cannot be served as a bare noun(phrase)with typical indefinite reference.In"N Lai le",the"N"of different semantic and formal categories have different degrees of definite reference and are presented as a continuum of different levels.In addition to the semantic characteristics of"N",the way to obtain"identifiability",the factuality of sentences,etc.will all have different degrees of influence on the referential attributes of"N".In addition,the pragmatic factor presupposition also affect the referential properties of"N"in similarconstructions.

关 键 词：“N来了” 定指度 指称义 影响因素 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]