高频加热对片烟主要化学成分变化影响分析  

Impact analysis of high-frequency heating on changes in the principal chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：迟建国 刘杰 刘勇 雷登文 李俊 刘嫣红[2] CHI Jianguo;LIU Jie;LIU Yong;LEI Dengwen;LI Jun;LIU Yanhong(Zhucheng Reroasting Factory,Shandong Tobacco Leaf Redrying Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 262200,China;College of Engineering,China Agriculture University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Wuzhou Wood International Industry Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东烟叶复烤有限公司诸城复烤厂,山东潍坊262200 [2]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [3]北京五洲木国际实业有限公司,北京102101

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2023年第3期385-390,共6页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：山东烟叶复烤有限公司科技项目计划[鲁烟烤(2021)32号]。

摘　　要：高频加热辅以真空处理可快速有效脱除受潮片烟中的多余水分,实现防霉养护处理。为探究高频加热防霉处理过程对片烟化学成分的影响,对处理前后片烟的主要化学成分进行了对比分析。结果表明:高频加热处理会使片烟中的氮碱类物质和钾的含量下降,在烟叶温度升至50℃后更为显著,可调节片烟的氮碱比趋近于1,使得化学成分之间更加协调,钾含量的下降影响烟叶的燃烧特性和吸食口感。采用高频加热辅以真空对片烟进行防霉养护处理后的烟叶糖类物质含量的变化幅度为0.3%左右,两糖比变化幅度小于0.005,糖碱比、两糖比变化幅度小于1.1,氯含量变化幅度为0.2%以内;烟叶的pH值基本不受高频加热影响。综上所述,设定片烟防霉养护处理最高温度在45℃时,处理后的片烟主要化学成分变化较小,对烟叶的品质影响较小。Combination of high-frequency heating and vacuum treatment could efficiently and rapidly remove excess moisture from damp tobacco,achieving mold prevention and preservation.In order to investigate the impact of high-frequency heating mold prevention treatment on the chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco,a comparative analysis of the main chemical components of flue-cured tobacco before and after treatment was conducted.The results indicated that high-frequency heating treatment leaded to a reduction in the content of nitrogen alkaloids and potassium in tobacco.This reduction became more significant as the temperature of tobacco reached 50℃,and the nitrogen alkaloid ratio could be adjusted to approach 1,thus making the chemical components more coordinated.The decrease in potassium content affected the burning characteristics and smoking taste of tobacco leaves.The variation in sugar content of tobacco after high-frequency heating combined with vacuum mold prevention treatment was around 0.3%,with a variation in the ratio of two sugars less than 0.005,and a variation in sugar-alkaloid ratio and two-sugar ratio less than 1.1.The variation of chlorine content was less than 0.2%.The pH value of tobacco was not significantly affected by high-frequency heating.In summary,setting the highest temperature for mold prevention treatment of tobacco at 45℃results in minimal chemical variation and minimal impact on the quality of flue-cured tobacco.

关 键 词：高频加热 防霉养护 片烟品质 成分比例 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]