北美冬青‘冬红’和‘冬黄’果实呈色机制研究  

Fruit Color and Its Coloring Mechanism of Two Ilex verticillata Cultivars

作　　者：李飞 周鹏[1] 黄婧[1] 张敏[1] 吴静 LI Fei;ZHOU Peng;HUANG Jing;ZHANG Min;WU Jing(Jiangsu Academy of Forestry Sciences,Nanjing 211153,China;Nanjing Niushoushan Forest Farm Industrial Co.Ltd.,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏南京211153 [2]南京牛首山林场实业有限公司,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2023年第4期34-41,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏省林业科技创新项目“北美冬青高效栽培技术集成示范”LYKJ﹝2020﹞02;江苏省林业科学研究院青年基金项目“北美冬青果色调控机制研究”JAF-2022-04。

摘　　要：为探索北美冬青‘冬红’(Ilex verticillate ‘Winter Red’)和‘冬黄’(I.verticillate ‘Winter Gold’)果实的呈色机制,采用色差仪测定了‘冬红’和‘冬黄’的成熟果实果皮的红度(a)、黄度(b)、明暗度(L值),并比较了这两个品种的果色差异,同时基于LC-MS的研究方法分析了花青素类和类胡萝卜类代谢物在这两个品种中的含量差异。结果表明:(1)‘冬红’和‘冬黄’果实在红度(a)、黄度(b)、明暗度(L值)和色相角上(h)均有显著差异(P<0.05),在色彩度(C)上无显著性差异。(2)通过LC-MS的研究方法一共在‘冬红’和‘冬黄’果皮中检测到35种花青素类物质,总含量分别为4 927.78μg·g^(-1)和3 213.31μg·g^(-1);检测到13种胡萝卜素物质,总含量分别为59.71μg·g^(-1)和45.151μg·g^(-1)。其中,在‘冬红’和‘冬黄’果皮中的物质含量具有显著差异的花青素类物质有20种,其主要差异成分为黄酮类物质、天竺葵类物质和矢车菊类物质;检测到物质含量具有显著差异的类胡萝卜素物质有4种。在差异显著的代谢物质中,物质含量高且差异倍数最大的为天竺葵素-3-O-葡萄糖苷,‘冬红’的含量是‘冬黄’的11.44倍。(3)根据对北美冬青成熟果皮中108种色素类物质的测定结果,推测北美冬青果皮色泽,特别是‘冬红’的色泽,主要由天竺葵素-3-O-葡萄糖苷决定,此外,天竺葵素-3-O-芸香糖苷和矢车菊素-3-O-桑布双糖苷可能对北美冬青的果皮色泽起辅助的修饰作用。In December 2021,mature fruits and peal were collected from 5-year Ilex verticillata‘Winter Red’and‘Winter Gold’in Nanjing,Jiangsu province.Determinations were carried out on redness(a^(*)),yellowness(b^(*)),and lightness(L^(*))of the mature fruits using a color difference meter and on the content of anthocyanins and carotenoid in peal of the fruits by LC-MS.The result demonstrated that the fruit color of the tested cultivars had significant differences in a^(*),b^(*),L^(*)and angle of the hue(ho),but had no significant difference in chroma(C^(*)).In fruit peel of tested cultivars,35 anthocyanins were detected,with the total content of 4927.78μg/g and 3213.31μg/g,13 carotenoid substances with total contents of 59.71μg/g and 45.151μg/g.There were 20 anthocyanins with significant differences,like flavonols,geraniums and cornflowers,and also four carotenoid substances.The determination showed that Pelargonin-3-O-glucoside content was the highest in I.verticillata‘Winter Red’,11.44 time of that in‘Winter Gold’.Pelargonin-3-O-glucoside may be the most important factor of the color of the fruit,especially of I.verticillata‘Winter Red’.

关 键 词：北美冬青 LC-MS 花青素 类胡萝卜素 果皮色泽 

分 类 号：S686[农业科学—观赏园艺]