新疆南部某地中小学中重度视觉损伤患病率及影响因素调查  

Prevalence and risk factors of moderate to severe vision impairment among students in a primary and secondary school of southern Xinjiang

作　　者：张浩天 黄伊宁 黎宇婷 孟洁 Zhang Haotian;Huang Yining;Li Yuting;Meng Jie(Nanshan College,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510182,China;Blindness Prevention and Treatment Department,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510060,China;Department of Ophthalmology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510120,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学南山学院,广州510182 [2]中山大学中山眼科中心防盲治盲办公室,广州510060 [3]广州医科大学附属第一医院眼科,广州510120

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2023年第13期1917-1921,共5页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

摘　　要：目的探究新疆南部某地中小学生中重度视觉损伤的患病率及影响因素,为当地的视力防控工作提供依据。方法本研究为横断面调查研究。在2020年10月对新疆南部某地学校小学初中的全体学生2604名进行集中眼科检查,其中男生1330名、女生1274名,年龄(11.6±2.9)岁,收集学生年级排名。用卡方检验比较不同性别的中重度视觉损伤患病率差异。H检验比较年龄、性别和成绩水平在中重度视觉损伤组和视力正常组之间的差异。logistic回归分析年龄、性别、成绩与低视力患病率的关系。结果新疆南部某地中小学共2604名学生参与调查,其中患有中重度视觉损伤人数77名,患病率为2.96%;造成中重度视觉损伤的原因是未矫正的屈光不正[100.00%(77/77)]。中重度视觉损伤患者中男生35名、女生42名,差异无统计学意义(P=0.317)。视觉损伤组与视力正常组年龄[(13.0±2.0)岁比(11.7±2.8)岁]比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),视觉损伤组成绩级排百分位比视力正常组靠前[(32.0±29.6)%比(65.6±21.8)%](P<0.001)。logistic回归分析表明,年龄和中上成绩是中重度视力不良的危险因素(OR=1.195,P<0.001;OR=34.711,P<0.001),与性别无关(P=0.066)。结论新疆南部某地中小学生中重度视觉损伤患病率较低,均为未矫正的屈光不正,危险因素包括年龄和较好的成绩。加强屈光不正的早期筛查,合理安排课业时间以及增加户外活动,可能有助于预防中重度视力损伤的发生发展。Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of moderate to severe vision impairment among students in a primary and secondary school of southern Xinjiang,and to provide real-world evidences for low vision prevention.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2020,when a total of 2604 students from a primary and secondary school in southern Xinjiang were given a centralized ophthalmic examination.Among them,there were 1330 boys and 1274 girls,aged(11.6±2.9)years.Chi-square test was used to compare differences in the prevalence of moderate to severe vision impairment by gender.H test was used to compare differences in the age,gender,and achievement levels between the moderate to severe vision impairment group and the normal vision group.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationships between age,gender,and academic performance and the prevalence of severe visual impairment.Results A total of 2604 students in southern Xinjiang participated in the survey,of whom 77 cases had moderate to severe visual impairment,with a prevalence of 2.96%.The main cause of moderate to severe visual impairment was uncorrected ametropia[100.00%(77/77)].There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of moderate to severe visual impairment between boys and girls(35/1330 vs.42/1274)(P=0.317).Inter-group differences showed that the age of the visual impairment group was significantly higher than that of the normal vision group[(13.0±2.0)years old vs.(11.7±2.8)years old](P<0.001),and the ranking of the visual impairment group was higher than that of the normal vision group[(32.0±29.6)%vs.(65.6±21.8)%](P<0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that age and above-average academic performance were risk factors for moderate to severe visual impairment(OR=1.195,P<0.001;OR=34.711,P<0.001),whereas gender was not related(P=0.066).Conclusions The prevalence of moderate to severe vision impairment among students in a primary and middle school of southern Xinjiang is low.The mai

关 键 词：视觉损伤 患病率 影响因素 中小学生 新疆地区 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科]