甜玉米籽粒糖代谢关键调控基因的鉴定  

Identification of Key Regulatory Genes for Sugar Metabolism in Sweet Corn

作　　者：林建新[1] 林静[1] 张扬[1] 卢和顶[1] 陈山虎[1] 廖长见[1] LIN Jianxin;LIN Jing;ZHANG Yang;LU Heding;CHEN Shanhu;LIAO Changjian(Institute of Crop Research,Fujian Academy of Agricutural Sciences/Fujian Province Characteristic Dry Crop Variety Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center,Fuzhou 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院作物研究所/福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心,福州350013

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2023年第5期705-713,共9页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(批准号:2020R1031005、2021R1031006);福建省农业科学院自由探索科技创新项目(批准号:ZYTS202204);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队项目(批准号:CXTD2021011-2)资助的课题;福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目(批准号:zycxny2021006);福建省科技厅重大专项(批准号:2020NZ08017);福建省农业种质资源创新专项(批准号:ZZZYCXZX202201)。

摘　　要：为了探究甜玉米籽粒形成过程中还原糖、可溶性糖和蔗糖含量变化规律及糖代谢关键调控基因,选取授粉后10天、15天、20天、25天和30天这几个时间点进行含糖量检测和转录组分析。结果显示还原糖含量在授粉后10天最高,约15 mg/g,此后逐渐下降到约4 mg/g。可溶性糖和蔗糖含量变化均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,两者在授粉后15天左右达到峰值,随后逐渐降低。PCA分析结果表明,授粉后10天的样本可以明显与其他时间点样本区分开,而授粉后15天~30天之间的时间点,样本区分度不大,表明授粉后10天时的籽粒发育与15天后的发育模式存在很大的不同。以授粉后10天样本基因的表达量为参照,对221个淀粉和蔗糖代谢通路上的基因进行分析,发现绝大部分注释基因在籽粒发育过程中不表达或低表达。有6个注释基因在授粉后15天持续高表达,分别是编码淀粉合成酶(EC 2.4.1.21)的基因Zm00001d045261、编码α-葡糖苷酶(EC 3.2.1.20)的基因Zm00001d036608、编码颗粒结合型淀粉合成酶(EC 2.4.1.242)的基因Zm00001d033937和Zm00001d045462、编码葡糖-1-磷酸腺苷酰基转移酶(EC 2.7.7.27)的基因Zm00001d050032及编码蔗糖合酶(EC 2.4.1.13)的基因Zm00001d045042,表明这6个编码基因在糖代谢过程中起着关键调控作用,对甜玉米品质的形成具有至关重要的作用。该研究结果为今后鲜食甜玉米的分子育种工作提供了重要的基因资源。In order to explore the change pattern of reducing sugar,soluble sugar and sucrose content and the key regulatory genes of sugar metabolism during the formation of sweet corn grains,sugar content and transcriptome analysis were performed at 10,15,20,25 and 30 days after pollination.The results showed that reducing sugar content was the highest at 10 days after pollination,approximate 15 mg/g and it gradually decreased to approximate 4 mg/g.Whereas,the content of soluble sugar and sucrose increased firstly and then decreased,and reached the peak about 15 days after pollination,and then gradually decreased.PCA analysis showed that samples at 10 days could be obviously distinguished from samples at other time points,while samples at 15 days to 30 days did not show significant different,indicating that the development pattern of kernel at 10 days after pollination was significant different from that at 15 days after pollination.The gene expression levels at 10 days after pollination was used as control,a total of 221 genes in the metabolic pathways of starch and sucrose were analyzed,as results revealed that most of the annotated genes were not expressed or low expressed during kernel development.There were six annotated genes,Zm00001d045261 encoding starch synthase(EC 2.4.1.21),Zm00001d036608 encodingα-glucosidase(EC 3.2.1.20),Zm00001d033937 and Zm00001d045462 encoding granule-binding starch synthase(EC 2.4.1.242),Zm00001d050032 encoding glucose1-adenosine acyltransferase(EC 2.7.7.27)and Zm00001d045042 encoding sucrose synthase(EC 2.4.1.13),were highly expressed at 15 days after pollination,strongly indicating that these six coding genes play a key regulatory role in the process of glucose metabolism,which plays an important role in the formation of sweet corn quality.The results of this study provide important genetic resources for the molecular breeding of fresh sweet maize in the future.

关 键 词：甜玉米 可溶性糖 转录组 糖代谢 关键调控基因 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]