发酵对黑水虻转化餐厨垃圾的影响研究  

Study on The Effect of Fermentation on The Biotransformation of Kitchen Waste by Black Soldier Fly

作　　者：何卓君 杨成 齐海涛[1] 周旭 王章鸿 彭艳 HE Zhuojun;YANG Cheng;QI Haitao;ZHOU Xu;WANG Zhanghong;PENG Yan(College of Eco-Environmental Engineering,Guizhou Minzu University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;Research Center of Solid Waste Pollution Control and Recycling Engineering,Guizhou Minzu University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州民族大学固废污染控制与资源化工程研究中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第14期13-20,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：贵州省教育厅科技拔尖人才支持计划项目[黔教合KY字[2018]044号];遵义美净科技有限公司项目[MJKJ-01];大学生创新创业训练计划项目[S202010672024]。

摘　　要：试验拟探究发酵对黑水虻转化餐厨垃圾效果的影响,为餐厨垃圾的处理与资源化利用提供参考。分别设置未发酵、发酵1~6 d共7个试验组,每组3个重复。在发酵结束后向各试验组分别投入5 g 3日龄黑水虻幼虫,在黑水虻幼虫饲养过程中测定底料温度和黑水虻幼虫的生长发育指标,试验结束后进行虫沙分离,测定黑水虻幼虫体成分、虫沙营养成分含量和餐厨垃圾转化效果。结果表明:在本研究中,发酵2 d的餐厨垃圾饲养的黑水虻未正常生长,其他试验组的黑水虻均正常生长。未发酵的餐厨垃圾饲养的黑水虻粗蛋白含量显著高于其他试验组(P<0.05),发酵6 d的餐厨垃圾饲养的黑水虻粗脂肪含量显著高于其他试验组(P<0.05)。发酵2 d和发酵3 d的虫沙营养成分含量符合有机肥标准,其中发酵2 d的虫沙其粗蛋白、粗脂肪、有机质、全磷和全钾含量和电导率均显著高于其他试验组(P<0.05)。未发酵、发酵5 d和发酵6 d的餐厨垃圾减量率显著高于发酵2 d的餐厨垃圾(P<0.05),相对于发酵2 d的餐厨垃圾分别增加了20.00%、18.37%和20.88%。发酵5 d和发酵6 d的餐厨垃圾转化率显著高于发酵2 d的餐厨垃圾(P<0.05),相对于发酵2 d的餐厨垃圾分别增加了15.14%和13.85%。发酵5 d和发酵6 d的餐厨垃圾在经黑水虻转化后均能达到较高的减量率和转化率。未发酵的餐厨垃圾有利于黑水虻的粗蛋白累积,发酵5 d和6 d的餐厨垃圾有利于黑水虻的粗脂肪累积。发酵2 d和发酵3 d的餐厨垃圾在黑水虻转化结束后仍具有较高的养分含量。This study aims to explore the effect of fermentation on the transformation of kitchen waste by black soldier fly,so as to provide reference for the treatment and resource utilization of kitchen waste.A total of 7 experimental groups were set up,including the unfermented group and the fermentation group for 1 to 6 days respectively,each group with 3 replicates.After the fermentation,5 g three-day-old black soldier fly larvae were injected into each experimental group,and the substrate temperature and the growth and development index of black soldier fly larvae were determined during the feeding process,the composition of black soldier fly,the content of nutrient in worm sand and the effect of kitchen waste transformation were determined.In this study,the black soldier fly raised by kitchen waste fermented for 2 days did not grow normally,and the black soldier fly other experimental groups all grew normally.The crude protein content of the black soldier fly raised by unfermented kitchen waste was significantly higher than that of other experimental groups(P<0.05),and the crude fat content of the soldier fly raised by kitchen waste fermented for 6 days was significantly higher than that of other experimental groups(P<0.05).The contents of nutrient components of worm sand fermented for 2 days and 3 days conformed to the standard of organic fertilizer,the contents of crude protein,crude fat,and organic matter,total phosphorus,total potassium and in the worm sand fermented for 2 days were significantly higher than those in other experimental groups(P<0.05).The reduction rate of kitchen waste unfermented,fermented for 5 days and fermented for 6 days was significantly higher than kitchen waste fermented for 2 days(P<0.05),which increased by 20.00%,18.37%and 20.88%respectively.The bioconversion rate of kitchen waste fermented for 5 days and 6 days was significantly higher than that for 2 days(P<0.05),which increased by 15.14%and 13.85%respectively.The kitchen waste fermented for 5 days and fermented for 6 days could reac

关 键 词：厌氧发酵 餐厨垃圾 黑水虻 生物转化法 虫沙 

分 类 号：S816.35[农业科学—饲料科学]