高淀粉饲料中添加不同益生菌对团头鲂幼鱼生长、血清生化及肝脏抗氧化能力的影响  

Effects of high starch diets with different probiotic supplements on growth,serum biochemistry and liver antioxidant capacity of juvenile blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)

作　　者：钱琳洁 缪凌鸿[1,2] 林艳[2] 高亮 于丹 戈贤平[1,2] QIAN Linjie;MIAO Linghong;LIN Yan;GAO Liang;YU Dan;GE Xianping(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;Jiangsu Limited Company of Suwei Microbiology,Wuxi 214063,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081 [3]江苏省苏微微生物研究有限公司,江苏无锡214063

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2023年第3期388-396,共9页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-45);无锡市科技计划项目(N20203007)。

摘　　要：为探讨益生菌对鱼类利用饲料淀粉能力的影响,以团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)“华海1号”幼鱼为研究对象,在低淀粉对照饲料(15%小麦淀粉,记为15WM)和高淀粉对照饲料(30%小麦淀粉,记为30WM)中分别添加1×10^(6)CFU/g枯草芽孢杆菌(BAC)和1×10^(6)CFU/g植物乳杆菌(LAB),配制了6种等氮等能试验饲料。挑选360尾体质健康、规格均一的团头鲂“华海1号”(初始体质量为13.5 g±0.5 g)幼鱼,随机分为6组,分别投喂6种饲料,每组设置3个重复,在室外网箱(1 m×1 m×1 m)中养殖8周。结果表明:饲料中淀粉水平和益生菌种类是显著影响团头鲂生长性能的主效应因子(P<0.05),添加益生菌可显著提高团头鲂幼鱼的增重率和特定生长率(P<0.05),降低饲料系数(P<0.05);高淀粉植物乳杆菌组(30WM+LAB)团头鲂的增重率、特定生长率和肠体比显著高于30WM组(P<0.05);添加益生菌可显著降低由于摄食高淀粉饲料引起的肌肉脂质沉积的现象(P<0.05);与15WM组相比,30WM组的鱼体血清低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇含量显著提高(P<0.05),而30WM+BAC组则低于30WM组,且与15WM组无显著差异(P>0.05);30WM+LAB组鱼体肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于15WM和30WM组(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌和植物乳杆菌均能够改善团头鲂幼鱼对高淀粉水平饲料的转化利用,降低肌肉脂肪的沉积,促进生长,植物乳杆菌的添加可以改善肝脏抗氧化能力,而枯草芽孢杆菌的添加能够降低血清中脂质的沉积。In order to investigate the effects of probiotic supplements on dietary starch utilization in fish,juvenile blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)Huahai No.1 was selected as research object.Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets were prepared,including low starch diet(15%wheat starch,15WM),high starch diet(30%wheat starch,30WM),and four diets supplemented with 10^(6)CFU/g Bacillus subtilis(BAC)and 10^(6)CFU/g Lactobacillus plantarum(LAB),respectively,in 15WM diet and 30WM diet.A total of 360 healthy juvenile M.amblycephala Huahai No.1 with similar size and initial weight of(13.5±0.5)g were selected and divided into six groups randomly and fed with prepared diets respectively.Each group was reared for 8 weeks in outdoor floating cages(1 m×1 m×1 m)with three replicates.The results showed that dietary starch level and probiotic type were main effectors affecting the growth performance of M.amblycephala(P<0.05).Dietary probiotic supplements could significantly enhance the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR),and reduce the feed conversion ratio(FCR)(P<0.05).In addition,dietary probiotic supplements could also reduce muscle lipid accumulation induced by high starch diet intake(P<0.05).Compared with the 15 WM group,significantly increased serum low-density lipoprotein(LDL)and total cholesterol(TC)contents were observed in the 30WM group(P<0.05),whereas,the LDL level and TC contents in the 30WM+BAC group were lower than those of the 30WM group but not different from those of the 15WM group(P<0.05).Furthermore,total liver superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity of the 30WM+LAB group was significantly higher than that in both the 15WM group and the 30WM group(P<0.05).In conclusion,probiotic supplements in high starch diets could improve the utilization efficiency of high starch diets in M.amblycephala,reduce muscle lipid accumulation,and promote growth performance.Moreover,the addition of L.plantarum in high starch diets could improve liver antioxidant capacity and the addition of B.subti

关 键 词：团头鲂 枯草芽孢杆菌 植物乳杆菌 淀粉利用 生长性能 

分 类 号：S963.16[农业科学—水产养殖]