优化营商环境视角下解雇保护制度完善研究——兼论世界银行“劳动力市场监管”指标  

A Study on the Improvement of Dismissal Protection System from the Perspective of Promoting Business Environment:Also on World Bank’s“Labor Market Regulation”Index

作　　者：付浩然 Fu Haoran(School of Law,Liaoning University,Shenyang,Liaoning Province,110036)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学法学院,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《山东工会论坛》2023年第4期36-47,共12页Shandong Trade Unions＇ Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“社会救助法中积极就业的法律实现机制研究”(项目编号:21BFX127)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：完善解雇保护制度能够降低我国的解雇保护水平、保障企业经营自由,进而与优化营商环境的价值取向相契合。我国过错性解雇制度、非过错性解雇制度以及经济性裁员制度存在灵活性不足、集体协商程序缺失以及优先留用规则不完善等问题,经济补偿金制度与失业保险制度的适用失衡问题进一步提高了企业的解雇成本。世界银行发布的《营商环境报告》中“劳动力市场监管”这一指标,从冗员处理规则及冗员处理成本两个层面对企业解雇权行使规则进行考察,通过对指标进行解析从而为我国解雇保护制度的完善提供指引。在坚持倾斜保护劳动者的立法价值取向之上,通过适当放松对企业解雇权行使的限制,能够提高劳动力市场灵活性,进而优化营商环境。Perfecting the dismissal protection system can reduce the level of dismissal protection in China,guarantee the freedom of enterprise operation,and then conform to the value orientation of optimizing the business environment.China’s fault dismissal system,non-fault dismissal system and economic dismissal system have problems such as insufficient flexibility,lack of collective negotiation procedures and imperfect preferential retention rules.The imbalance between the application of the economic compensation system and the unemployment insurance system further increases the cost of enterprise dismissal.The indicator of“labor market regulation”in the Doing Business Report issued by the World Bank examines the rules of the exercise of the right of dismissal of enterprises from the two aspects of the redundancy handling rules and the redundancy handling costs,and provides guidance for the improvement of China’s dismissal protection system through the analysis of the indicators.On the basis of adhering to the legislative value orientation of favoring the protection of workers,by properly relaxing the restrictions on the exercise of the right of dismissal of enterprises,we can improve the flexibility of the labor market and optimize the business environment.

关 键 词：解雇保护 营商环境 劳动力市场监管 劳动力市场灵活性 

分 类 号：F247[经济管理—劳动经济]