表土堆存方式对表土可利用性的影响研究  

Study on the Effect of Topsoil Storage Mode on Topsoil Availability

作　　者：林雅超 冯昶栋 郭小平[1] 罗超 李文烨 薛国连 张伟 杨帆[1] LIN Yachao;FENG Changdong;GUO Xiaoping;LUO Chao;LI Wenye;XUE Guolian;ZHANG Wei;YANG Fan(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Taihu Basin Administration of Ministry of Water Resources,Shanghai 200434,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]水利部太湖流域管理局,上海200434 [3]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,杭州311400

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2023年第4期847-855,共9页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0504406);The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Major Projects(2020ZD0021-03)。

摘　　要：表土资源是矿区生态修复的重要资源,但在实际工程中剥离的表土不能立即用于生态修复,而表土在干旱地区经过一定时期贮存后的变化情况尚不明确,使得矿区后期利用表土进行生态恢复时存在一定的盲目性。因此,研究表土堆存方式对种子库中种子密度及表土养分含量的影响,可为荒漠地区煤矿损毁土地植被重建提供技术依据以及生态修复实践提供一定的理论支撑。本研究分别用圆台堆体(以下简称为YT)及立方体吨袋(以下简称为DD)两种堆存方式保存混合均匀的表土资源,分析不同表土堆存方式下的土壤种子库损耗及土壤养分损耗情况。在两种堆存模式下,堆体表层的土壤种子密度损耗最大,其损耗率在79.30%-83.65%。在同一取样位置,土壤种子密度随着土层深度的增加而显著增大(P<0.05)。相比于种子密度的变化,土壤养分损失较少,损失率在8.92%-16.62%之间。(1)两种堆存模式中,堆体表层土壤的种子密度损耗均最大;随着土层的增加,土壤种子密度显著增加(P<0.05)。同时,两种堆存模式下种子的整体损耗情况并无明显差异;在保存过程中,灌木种子在堆体内部的损耗情况最为严重。(2)吨袋堆存模式的养分保存效果优于圆台堆存模式,且堆体表层土壤养分损耗最大,其他土层土壤养分损耗较低。Topsoil resources are important resources for ecological restoration in mining areas,although the topsoil stripped in practical projects can not be used for ecological restoration immediately.The changes that occur in topsoil after a certain period of storage in arid areas are not clear,so we have no insight on how to make the best use topsoil for ecological restoration after storage in the mining areas.Therefore,this study investigated the effects of topsoil accumulation on seed density and topsoil nutrient content in seed banks,which could provide a technical basis for vegetation reconstruction of coal mine damaged land in desert areas and theoretical support for ecological restoration practices.In this study,two storage methods of round table piles(hereafter referred to as YT)and cube ton bags(hereafter referred to as DD)were used to preserve uniformly mixed topsoil samples,and the loss of the soil seed bank and nutrient depletion under different topsoil storage methods were analyzed.In the two storage modes,the soil seed density loss on the surface of the pile was the largest,and the loss rate was 79.30%−83.65%.At a given sampling location,soil seed density increased significantly with soil depth(P<0.05).Compared with the change in seed density,soil nutrient loss was less pronounced,and the loss rate was between 8.92%and 16.62%.The seed density loss of the topsoil was the highest in both stacking modes.With the increase in the soil layer,soil seed density was significantly increased(P<0.05).At the same time,there was no significant difference in seed loss between the two storage modes.In the process of preservation,shrub seeds were the most seriously lost in the pile.The nutrient preservation effect of the ton bag storage mode(DD)was better than that of the round table storage mode(YT),and the soil nutrient loss of the top layer of the pile was the greatest,while the soil nutrient losses of other soil layers were lower.

关 键 词：土壤种子库 露天煤矿 表土堆存 种子库密度 损失率 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]