1937-1949年间左翼文学的演化与精神式微  

Evolution and Spiritual Decline of the Left-wing Literature from 1937 to 1949

作　　者：陈红旗 CHEN Hong-qi(Department of Literature and Art,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学人文学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《哈尔滨师范大学社会科学学报》2023年第3期107-113,共7页Journal of Social Science of Harbin Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“红色文艺与百年中国研究”(21&ZD259);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“中国左翼文学的想象与叙述(1927-1949)”(17YJA751006)。

摘　　要：1937-1949年间是中国左翼文学的精神逐渐走向消解的历史时期。中共中央建立抗日民族统一战线的政策的规约、“左联”的解散和国民党当权派的重压、抗日主流话语的挤压,都使得“左翼”立场的坚持变得越来越不容易。透过20世纪40年代前后左翼作家的创作,那些对抗日战争经典战役或胜利时刻的忆叙获得了现实意义和历史荣耀,它们对“唯武器论者”“民族失败主义者”“与日本作战必败论者”“不抵抗主义者”进行了有力的批驳,它们的悲壮美和“力的美”达到了与现实秩序和专制体制几乎完全对立起来的程度。在战争阴影笼罩下的压抑情绪和现存秩序中,左翼文学依然执着地鼓励热血青年尤其是劳苦大众为延续种族、保卫国家、争取个人生存权和发展权去做必须做的事情。当左翼作家出于民族大义和国家关怀精神,强力推动抗战文学开疆拓土时,势必要暂时搁置与国民党当权派的阶级矛盾,如此对后者的多重批判和斗争意识难免会有所弱化,并导致折损了左翼文学的重要一翼,进而造成了左翼文学思潮在20世纪40年代的式微和转型。The period from 1937 to 1949 was a time of gradual disintegration of the spirit of Chinese left-wing literature.The policy of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in establishing the anti-Japanese national united front,the disbanding of the Left League,the heavy pressure from the Kuomintang,and the squeezing of the mainstream anti-Japanese discourse all made it increasingly difficult to hold on to the“left-wing”position.Through the writings of left-wing writers around the 1940s,the recollections of the classic battles or moments of victory in the war against Japan gained realistic significance and historical glory,and they were used against the“weapons-only theorists”,“national defeatists”,“theorists of certain defeat in war with Japan”and“non-resistanceists”,and their tragic beauty and“beauty of force”reached a level of almost complete opposition to the realistic order and authoritarian system.In the midst of the oppressive mood and existing order that was cast by the shadow of war,left-wing literature remained committed to encouraging young people,especially the toiling masses,to do what was necessary to perpetuate the race,to defend the nation,and to fight for their individual rights to life and development.When left-wing writers are motivated by a spirit of national righteousness and national concern,pushed hard to open up the frontiers of wartime literature,they inevitably had to temporarily set aside their class conflicts with the Kuomintang regime,which inevitably weakened the multiple criticisms and sense of struggle for latter,and broke an important wing of left-wing literature,which in turn caused the decline and transformation of the leftist literary trend in the 1940s.

关 键 词：左翼文学 话语演化 抗日忆叙 精神消解 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]